Projections of chemically-specified neurons in the guinea-pig colon.

Messenger, J. P.; Furness, John B.

doi:10.1679/aohc.53.467

Cited by 105 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Additionally, the norepinephrine reuptake transporter (NET) supports development of serotonergic and calretinin immunoreactive (IR) neurons (98). Neural activity also influences differentiation, as (106). Studies using myotomy and myectomy followed by immunohistochemistry demonstrate that excitatory motor neuron axons project rostrally, while inhibitory motor neurons project caudally within the longitudinal axis of the myenteric plexus before entering circular or longitudinal muscle (106,107).…”

Section: Ens Morphogenesis Does Not End When Encdcs Reach "The End"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a second brain in the bowel

Avetisyan¹,

Schill²,

Heuckeroth³

2015

J. Clin. Invest.

116

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Section: Ens Morphogenesis Does Not End When Encdcs Reach "The End"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Building a second brain in the bowel

Avetisyan¹,

Schill²,

Heuckeroth³

2015

J. Clin. Invest.

116

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“…These studies, combined with electrophysiological studies of individual neurons during behavioural reflexes and immunohistochemical analyses of the locations of specific neurotransmitter receptor proteins (Table 1), provide a powerful tool for understanding the enteric neural circuitry and its dynamic properties. Unfortunately, the details of the neurochemical codes for apparently analogous neurons differ between intestinal regions [78] and between species [36], so this review will concentrate on the most comprehensively studied preparation, the guinea-pig ileum. While neurochemistry, pharmacology (see below) and functional studies have all revealed a rich array of different classes of enteric neurons, electrophysiological studies have really only been able to divide these neurons into two distinct populations (see [11] for review), (Fig.…”

Section: Types Of Enteric Neuronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Gwynne

Bornstein²

2007

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Digestion and absorption of nutrients and the secretion and reabsorption of fluid in the gastrointestinal tract are regulated by neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS), the extensive peripheral nerve network contained within the intestinal wall. The ENS is an important physiological model for the study of neural networks since it is both complex and accessible. At least 20 different neurochemically and functionally distinct classes of enteric neurons have been identified in the guinea pig ileum. These neurons express a wide range of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. Synaptic potentials mediated by ionotropic receptors such as the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, P2X purinoceptors and 5-HT 3 receptors are seen in many enteric neurons. However, prominent synaptic potentials mediated by metabotropic receptors, like the P2Y 1 receptor and the NK 1 receptor, are also seen in these neurons. Studies of synaptic transmission between the different neuron classes within the enteric neural pathways have shown that both ionotropic and metabotropic synaptic potentials play major roles at distinct synapses within simple reflex pathways. However, there are still functional synapses at which no known transmitter or receptor has been identified. This review describes the identified roles for both ionotropic and metabotropic neurotransmission at functionally defined synapses within the guinea pig ileum ENS. It is concluded that metabotropic synaptic potentials act as primary transmitters at some synapses. It is suggested identification of the interactions between different synaptic potentials in the production of complex behaviours will require the use of well validated computer models of the enteric neural circuitry.

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“…However, in recent years it has been established that the submucous plexus comprises 2 different ganglionated plexuses, the internal submucous plexus (ISP) and the external submucous plexus (ESP) (Scheuermann et al 1987 b ;Messenger & Furness, 1990 ;Timmermans et al 1992 ;Pearson, 1994 ;Balemba et al 1998). The ISP is located adjacent to the mucosa and is proposed to be primarily Correspondence to Dr Vet.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the calf, the 2 submucous plexuses were reported to be well differentiated (Mannl et al 1984). However, studies which are based on the use of wholemounts and a comparable topographic, architectural and structural description to that of the ENS in the intestine of the guinea pig (Messenger & Furness, 1990), the pig (Scheuermann et al 1986Balemba et al 1998) andhorse (Pearson, 1994) appear not to have been undertaken.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wholemounts from the submucous layer are usually prepared by freeing the submucous layer from the underlying circular muscle without much damage to the ESP (Gunn, 1968 ;Stach, 1989 ;Messenger & Furness, 1990 ;Pearson, 1994 ;Balemba et al 1998). In this study, the microdissection of the jejunal and ileal submucous wholemounts was performed by teasing the submucous layer and inner circular muscle layer from the outer longitudinal muscle followed by careful removal of individual muscle fibres by using very fine forceps.…”

Section: Microdissectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The topography, architecture and structure of the enteric nervous system in the jejunum and ileum of cattle

et al. 1999

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To date, there appear to have been no detailed and clear descriptions of the nerve plexuses and their subdivisions in the intestine of cattle. In this study, the enteric nervous system in the jejunum and ileum of 12 1-y-old calves was examined using neurofilament protein and vasoactive intestinal peptide immunohistochemistry in wholemounts and paraffin sections combined with staining of paraffin and historesin sections with haematoxylin and eosin. The main organisation of the plexuses was similar to that of the pig, horse and man with external and internal submucous plexuses being morphologically distinct, with further subdivisions of the internal submucous plexus into the external and internal subplexuses. However, in contrast to pig, horse and man, the submucous layer was firmly attached to the inner circular muscle layer. The myenteric plexus was well developed with large ganglia, and primary and secondary nerve strands. Its main axis was oriented parallel to the outer longitudinal smooth muscle ; large ganglia and primary nerve strands fused to form complex ganglia, and 2 types of tertiary nerve strands were observed. Antibodies to neurofilament proteins and vasoactive intestinal peptide revealed adendritic, pseudouniaxonal or multiaxonal type II neurons only in the myenteric and submucous plexuses. This appears to be the first report of the identification of isolated uniaxonal, multidendritic type IV neurons in the mucous pericryptal plexus. The new information presented here provides further evidence for the existence of anatomical and functional differences between the external and internal submucous plexuses and for supporting the nomenclature proposed earlier.

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Projections of chemically-specified neurons in the guinea-pig colon.

Cited by 105 publications

References 49 publications

Building a second brain in the bowel

Building a second brain in the bowel

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

The topography, architecture and structure of the enteric nervous system in the jejunum and ileum of cattle

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