Prolactin and Prolactin Receptors in the Lacrimal Gland

Wood, Richard L.; Zhang, Jian; Huang, Zuo Ming; Gierow, J. Peter; Schechter, Joel; Mircheff, Austin K.; Warren, Dwight W.

doi:10.1006/exer.1999.0690

Cited by 26 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Frey et al (11) first reported that human lacrimal glands and tears contain PRL-like immunoreactivity. Subsequent studies using oligonucleotide probes for in situ, dot blot, and Northern blot hybridizations indicate that epithelial cells in rat (28) and rabbit (16,47) lacrimal glands express PRL mRNA. Western blot analyses detect a PRL-immunoreactive protein at 23 kDa, the molecular mass of pituitary PRL, in lacrimal gland lysates.…”

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confidence: 99%

Elevated prolactin redirects secretory vesicle traffic in rabbit lacrimal acinar cells

Wang¹,

Chiu²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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-During pregnancy, lymphocytes infiltrating the rabbit lacrimal gland disperse to the interacinar space from their normal focal concentrations, basal fluid secretion decreases, pilocarpine-induced fluid secretion increases, and stimulated fluid protein concentration decreases. Ductal epithelial cell prolactin (PRL) content increases and redistributes from the apical to the basal-lateral cytoplasm. A replication-incompetent adenovirus vector for rabbit PRL (AdPRL) was used to test the hypothesis that increased intracrine/autocrine PRL signaling alters secretory protein traffic in an ex vivo lacrimal acinar cell model. AdPRL had no discernable influence on microtubules or actin microfilaments or their responses to carbachol (CCh). Endogenous and transduced PRLs exhibited similar, nonpolarized, punctate distributions. Cells secreted PRL consititutively and at increased rates in response to CCh. In contrast, constitutive secretion of ␤-hexosaminidase was negligible, suggesting that the constitutive pathway for PRL is relatively inaccessible to typical secretory proteins. AdPRL had no significant effect on total secretion of ␤-hexosaminidase or syncollingreen fluorescent protein (GFP), a chimeric secretory protein construct. However, it reversed the polarized distributions of vesicles containing rab3D and syncollin-GFP. Live-cell imaging indicated that AdPRL redirected CCh-dependent syncollin-GFP exocytosis from the apical plasma membrane to the basal-lateral membrane. Elevated concentrations of exogenous rabbit PRL in the ambient medium elicited similar changes. These observations suggest that elevated PRL, as occurs in the physiological hyperprolactinemia of pregnancy, induces lacrimal epithelial cells to express a mixed exocrine/endocrine phenotype that secretes fluid to the acinus-duct lumen but secretes proteins to the underlying tissue space. This phenotype may contribute to the pregnancy-associated immunoarchitecture. ocular surface; mucosal immunity; pregnancy; Sjögren's syndrome THE OCULAR SURFACE SYSTEM maintains a thin fluid film that comprises an external milieu necessary for optimal homeostasis of its mucosal tissues and of the cornea. Disruptions of ocular surface homeostasis frequently elicit sensations of dryness, itching, or burning. These symptoms may be associated with immune system diseases, such as Sjögren's syndrome and graft vs. host disease, but most cases occur without the typical signs of autoimmune disease. They occur more frequently in women than men and are often associated with altered states of the systemic hormonal milieu: perimenopause, postmenopause, pregnancy, lactation, oral contraceptive use (39), and estrogen or estrogen-progesterone replacement therapy (35,36). Among men, the frequency increases with age (8).Aging in men is accompanied by gradual decreases in gonadal and adrenal production of androgens. The physiological states associated with altered ocular surface system homeostasis in women share one well-known common denominator, a decrease in the amount of testosterone that...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated prolactin redirects secretory vesicle traffic in rabbit lacrimal acinar cells

Wang¹,

Chiu²,

Nakamura³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…In addition, the testosterone down-regulation (8.7-fold) of the prolactin receptor gene may be one mechanism by which androgens suppress inflammation in Sjögren's syndrome. Prolactin is a pro-inflammatory hormone [28], that is synthesized in lacrimal tissue [29,30] and may act to fuel the inflammatory process in autoimmune disease [31,32]. For comparison, androgens also decrease prolactin receptor mRNA levels in the liver [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgen regulation of gene expression in the mouse lacrimal gland

Richards

Jensen

et al. 2005

The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…147–150 More recently, Mircheff and collaborators have proposed a rabbit model in which infection of the lacrimal gland with a replication-deficient adenovirus vector initiates a relatively mild acute inflammatory response, which progresses through at least two quite distinct phases and then evolves into a chronic, low-grade inflammation. 151 Exposure to hot, dry weather causes lymphocyte aggregates to accumulate; notably, those aggregates are associated with a cytokine mRNA expression profile similar to the profile in the second phase of the acute response to adenovirus infection.…”

Section: What Can a Rabbit Model Teach Us About The Immunopathology Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related Defects in Ocular and Nasal Mucosal Immune System and the Immunopathology of Dry Eye Disease

Farid

Agrawal

Fremgen

et al. 2014

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation

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Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent public health concern that affects up to 30% of adults and is particularly chronic and severe in the elderly. Two interconnected mechanisms cause DED: (1) an age-related dysfunction of lacrimal and meibomian glands, which leads to decreased tear production and/or an increase in tear evaporation; and (2) an age-related uncontrolled inflammation of the surface of the eye triggered by yet-to-be-determined internal immunopathological mechanisms, independent of tear deficiency and evaporation. In this review we summarize current knowledge on animal models that mimic both the severity and chronicity of inflammatory DED and that have been reliably used to provide insights into the immunopathological mechanisms of DED, and we provide an overview of the opportunities and limitations of the rabbit model in investigating the role of both ocular and nasal mucosal immune systems in the immunopathology of inflammatory DED and in testing novel immunotherapies aimed at delaying or reversing the uncontrolled age-related inflammatory DED.

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Prolactin and Prolactin Receptors in the Lacrimal Gland

Cited by 26 publications

References 37 publications

Elevated prolactin redirects secretory vesicle traffic in rabbit lacrimal acinar cells

Elevated prolactin redirects secretory vesicle traffic in rabbit lacrimal acinar cells

Androgen regulation of gene expression in the mouse lacrimal gland

Age-related Defects in Ocular and Nasal Mucosal Immune System and the Immunopathology of Dry Eye Disease

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