Prolactin Release During Nursing and Breast Stimulation in Postpartum and Nonpostpartum Subjects<sup>1</sup>

Noel, Gordon L.; Suh, Han K.; Frantz, Andrew G.

doi:10.1210/jcem-38-3-413

Cited by 254 publications

(99 citation statements)

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“…Baseline (15.2 Ϯ 3.5 vs 101.8 Ϯ 24.1 g/L; P Ͻ .01) and peak (75.7 Ϯ 28.9 vs 211.8 Ϯ 19.3 g/L; P Ͻ .001) prolactin levels increased into the high-normal postpartum range for subjects treated with r-hPRL. 24,25 Prolactin levels did not increase for subjects treated with placebo (baseline: 56.5 Ϯ 40.9 vs 98.8 Ϯ 82.9 g/L; peak: 111.7 Ϯ 68.1 vs 129.9 Ϯ 57.9 g/L; both P ϭ .2). Milk volumes and compositions at baseline and after treatment are reported in Table 2, which combines data for all women receiving r-hPRL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…57 b Normal baseline and peak serum prolactin levels from birth to 7 weeks after birth are 13 to 95 g/L and 122 to 370 g/L, respectively. 24 Prolactin-deficient mothers were defined on the basis of a low baseline or peak prolactin level, or both.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subjects had congenital or acquired prolactin deficiency, with either baseline or peak prolactin levels below the normal range for postpartum date, 24 and produced Ͻ8 mL of milk per day. All mothers were pumping their breasts (n ϭ 4) or the infant was suckling at the breast by using a Lact-Aid device (Lact-Aid International, Inc, Athens, TN) (n ϭ 1) 8 times per day.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,22,23 For preterm mothers using breast pumps to maintain lactation, prolactin concentrations are relatively low. 23,24 However, direct effects of prolactin in human mothers had not been studied previously. We conducted 2 clinical trials using recombinant human prolactin (r-hPRL) in cases of lactation insufficiency.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Recombinant Human Prolactin on Breast Milk Composition

et al. 2011

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:The direct effects of prolactin on the nutritional and antimicrobial composition of breast milk have not been examined previously in women. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:The study demonstrates that recombinant human prolactin increases milk volume, induces changes in milk composition consistent with those during normal lactogenesis, and increases antimicrobially active oligosaccharide concentrations. The data suggest that prolactin is an important mediator of normal lactogenesis. abstract OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the impact of recombinant human prolactin (r-hPRL) on the nutritional and immunologic composition of breast milk. METHODS:We conducted 2 trials of r-hPRL treatment. In the first study, mothers with documented prolactin deficiency were given r-hPRL every 12 hours in a 28-day, open-label trial. In the second study, mothers with lactation insufficiency that developed while they were pumping breast milk for their preterm infants were given r-hPRL daily in a 7-day, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Breast milk characteristics were compared before and during 7 days of treatment. RESULTS:Among subjects treated with r-hPRL (N ϭ 11), milk volumes (73 Ϯ 36 to 146 Ϯ 54 mL/day; P Ͻ .001) and milk lactose levels (155 Ϯ 15 to 184 Ϯ 8 mmol/L; P ϭ .01) increased, whereas milk sodium levels decreased (12.1 Ϯ 2.0 to 8.3 Ϯ 0.5 mmol/L; P ϭ .02). Milk calcium levels increased in subjects treated with r-hPRL twice daily (2.8 Ϯ 0.6 to 5.0 Ϯ 0.9 mmol/L; P ϭ .03). Total neutral (1.5 Ϯ 0.3 to 2.5 Ϯ 0.4 g/L; P ϭ .04) and acidic (33 Ϯ 4 to 60 Ϯ 6 mg/L; P ϭ .02) oligosaccharide levels increased in r-hPRL-treated subjects, whereas total daily milk immunoglobulin A secretionwas unchanged.CONCLUSIONS: r-hPRL treatment increased milk volume and induced changes in milk composition similar to those that occur during normal lactogenesis. r-hPRL also increased antimicrobially active oligosaccharide concentrations. These effects were achieved for women with both prolactin deficiency and lactation insufficiency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Recombinant Human Prolactin on Breast Milk Composition

et al. 2011

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“…However, suckling stimulation alone cannot explain the high prolactin levels. That is, in non-lactating women, suckling stimulation fails to increase plasma prolactin (Noel et al 1974). This fact indicates that the synergy of PRF in the puerperium and suckling stimulation is involved in milk secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification of rat prolactin releasing factor by gel filtration.

Takahashi

Wakai

Furuhashi

et al. 1978

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1978, 126 (1), 77-84 -Pregnant rat hypothalamic fragments were extracted with 30 mM Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.8, subjected to enzymatic digestion, and applied to gel filtration on Sephadex G-25 for purification of the prolactin releasing factor.Effect of the eluted fractions on the release of prolactin were tested by the determination of serum and pituitary prolactin after the injection in lactating rats.Prolactin was estimated by radioimmunoassay.One fraction (tube number 61-73) eluted later than synthetic ACTH enhanced release of prolactin 30min after injection, but other fractions had no effect on the release of prolactin.Prolactin releasing factor would be quan titatively predominant over prolactin inhibiting factor in pregnant rat. prolactin; prolactin releasing factor; hypothalamus; lactation and pregnancy

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