Proliferative activity as a prognostic factor in Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinoma

Increased proliferative activity caused by loss of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression and its clinical significance in patients with early‐stage gastric carcinoma

“…[7][8][9][10][11][12] Previous studies showed that patients with early-stage gastric carcinoma who had lymph node metastases had a higher PCNA labeling index compared with patients who had no lymph node metastasis. 27,28 In the current study, we also found that patients with early-stage gastric carcinoma in the high labeling group had a significantly higher rate of lymph node metastasis compared with patients in the low labeling group.…”

“…The PCNA labeling index was determined by observing 1000 nuclei in areas of the section with the highest labeling frequency, and the percentage of PCNA-labeled nuclei (PCNA labeling index) was used for analysis. 12 The cut off point for p21 positivity was established when Ͼ 10% of the tumor cells showed positive nuclear staining. 24,25 …”

“…6 The usefulness of the PCNA labeling index for predicting tumor progression and prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma has been reported. [7][8][9][10][11][12] p21 WAF1/CIP1 is a p53-inducible gene, and its product, p21, acts as a direct, universal, cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor that leads to G1 arrest and prevents cells from entering the S-phase. [13][14][15] When cellular DNA is damaged, wild type p53 protein induces the expression of p21, and p21 negatively regulates the progression of the cell cycle to undergo apoptosis or to repair DNA.…”

Long term survival of patients with stage IV gastric carcinoma

“…15 One hundred cells from each lesion were analyzed and a mean score of AgNOR count was recorded. The primary antibody PC10 (a monoclonal mouse antibody for rat PCNA; Dako Co., Carpinteria, CA) was used for PCNA staining, using the ABC method.…”

“…The primary antibody PC10 (a monoclonal mouse antibody for rat PCNA; Dako Co., Carpinteria, CA) was used for PCNA staining, using the ABC method. 15 The PCNA labeling index was determined by observing 1000 nuclei in areas of the section with the highest labeling frequency, and the percentage of PCNA-labeled nuclei (PCNA labeling index) was used for analysis.…”