Proliferative activity by cell type in the developing rat parotid gland

Redman, Robert S.

doi:10.1002/ar.1092410411

Cited by 47 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Interestingly, the life span of salivary epithelial cells in rodents has been estimated to be 125-200 days (33,34), but the ability of SGs cells to divide is a controversial issue (35,36). Our data suggest that either the transduced salivary ductal cells did not significantly divide during the 54-week period studied, in contrast to previous life-span estimates in rodents, or that if cell division occurred, transduced daughter cells remain functionally active within the SG tissue.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Reengineered salivary glands are stable endogenous bioreactors for systemic gene therapeutics

Voutetakis

Kok

Zheng

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

111

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The use of critical-for-life organs (e.g., liver or lung) for systemic gene therapeutics can lead to serious safety concerns. To circumvent such issues, we have considered salivary glands (SGs) as an alternative gene therapeutics target tissue. Given the high secretory abilities of SGs, we hypothesized that administration of low doses of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors would allow for therapeutic levels of transgene-encoded secretory proteins in the bloodstream. We administered 10 9 particles of an AAV vector encoding human erythropoietin (hEPO) directly to individual mouse submandibular SGs. Serum hEPO reached maximum levels 8 -12 weeks after gene delivery and remained relatively stable for 54 weeks (longest time studied). Hematocrit levels were similarly increased. Moreover, these effects proved to be vector dose-dependent, and even a dosage as low as 10 8 particles per animal led to significant increases in hEPO and hematocrit levels. Vector DNA was detected only within the targeted SGs, and levels of AAV copies within SGs were highly correlated with serum hEPO levels (r ‫؍‬ 0.98). These results show that SGs appear to be promising targets with potential clinical applicability for systemic gene therapeutics.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Reengineered salivary glands are stable endogenous bioreactors for systemic gene therapeutics

Voutetakis

Kok

Zheng

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

111

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“…Unfortunately, unambiguous intermediates are rarely available, and direct observation of differentiation of salivary gland cells in "real time" is still in the future. The problem is complicated further by the presence of subtypes within major adult cell types, e.g., light, dark, and basal cells in striated ducts (Redman, 1995), and by transient developmental cell types, e.g., mucous acinar cells in rat parotid glands (Taga and Sesso, 1979), and Types I (secretory terminal tubule) and III (proacinar) cells in perinatal rodent submandibular glands (Jacoby and Leeson, 1959;Cutler and Chaudhry, 1974;Ball and Redman, 1984;Denny et al, 1988). Histologically, Types I and III cells appear to persist in almost vestigial form in the granular intercalated duct cell population after the animals are weaned, but then they progressively become more conspicuous in older animals (Bogart, 1970;Chang, 1974;Sashima et al, 1988;.…”

Section: Activities During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a classic review article, Leblond (1964) classified cell populations of tissues and organs based on their proliferative behavior during development and at maturity. This classification was summarized by Redman (1995) high turnover rates in both developing and adult animals, with the rates of proliferation and loss being balanced in the growth or maintenance of the tissue. These are characterized by almost all of the proliferative activity occurring in relatively undifferentiated stem cells, with some of the daughter cells migrating out of the stem cell pool, differentiating, and losing the ability to divide.…”

Section: Activities During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5), whether relatively undifferentiated in the end-buds during the perinatal period, or as they progress to being fully differentiated acinar cells after the animals are weaned (Redman, 1995;Figs. 6, 7 ( 1997) exceeds that which would seem to account for the increase in cell number (Schwartz-Arad et al, 1988 In this situation, the lost gland is not replaced, but there are often compensatory changes in the remaining contralateral gland.…”

Section: Activities During Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development

Denny

Ball

Redman

1997

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

179

171

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The major salivary glands of mammals are represented by three pairs of organs that cooperate functionally to produce saliva for the oral cavity. While each type of gland produces a signature secretion that complements the secretions from the other glands, there is also redundancy as evidenced by secretion of functionally similar and, in some cases, identical products in the three glands. This, along with their common late initiation of development, in fetal terms, their similarities in developmental pattern, and their proximate sites of origin, suggests that a common regulatory cascade may have been shared until shortly before the onset of overt gland development. Furthermore, occasional ectopic differentiation of individual mature secretory cells in the wrong" gland suggests that control mechanisms responsible for the distinctive cellular composition of each gland also share many common steps, with only minor differences providing the impetus for diversification. To begin to address this area, we examine here the origins of the salivary glands by reviewing the expression patterns of several genes with known morphogenetic potential that may be involved based on developmental timing and location. The possibility that factors leading to determination of the sites of mammalian salivary gland development might be homologous to the regulatory cascade leading to salivarv gland formation in Drosophila is also evaluated. In a subsequent section, cellular phenotypes of neonatal and adult glands are compared and evaluated for insights into the mechanisms and lineages leading to cellular diversification. Finally, the phenomena of proliferation, repair, and regeneration in adult salivary glands are reviewed, with emphasis on the extent to which the cellular diversity is reversible and which cell type other than stem cells has the ability to redifferentiate into other cell types.

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“…In contrast with the significant number of autoradiographic and/or morphometric studies on the postnatal development of the rat parotid glands 3,[5][6][7]10,15,17 , no studies on mice exist. Since the parotid glands of adult mice have been widely used for the study of the mechanisms of glandu- lar growth induced by isoproterenol 8,9 , the understanding of normal mouse parotid gland growth during postnatal development is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric study of the postnatal growth of the parotid gland of the mouse

Ribeiro¹,

Sottovia

Cestari³

et al. 2006

Braz. oral res.

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ABSTRACT:The growth of the mouse parotid glands during 7 and 35 days of postnatal life was studied by morphometric methods. The mass of the gland, the volume of each morphological compartment, and the cell number in each compartment were evaluated. The data obtained for each evaluated dimension were adjusted by an exponential equation, of the type Y = a.e K.X , thus permitting the calculation of their mean duplication time (T D ), i.e., an estimation of their growth rate. Analysis of the results showed a marked 1,424% increase in the gland mass during the whole studied period, with T D = 7.10 days. This growth occurred by increases in absolute volume of acini, intercalated ducts, striated ducts, excretory ducts and stroma, with percentual increases of 3,048%, 417%, 2,662%, 2,594% and 367%, respectively, and T Ds of 5.62, 11.71, 5.55, 5.47 and 14.45 days, respectively. Analysis of the cell number growth in each compartment showed increases of 1,904%, 285%, 1,228%, 1,090% and 286%, respectively, and T Ds of 6.62, 20.40, 7.19, 7.26 and 14.51 days, respectively. Based on the present results, we concluded that the growth of the mouse parotid glands from day 7 to day 35 of age occurred by intense cell accumulation, mainly in the acini, striated ducts and excretory ducts, with a growth rate sensibly higher than that of the intercalated ducts and stroma. DESCRIPTORS: Parotid gland; Growth and embryonic development; Regression analysis; Histology; Animals. RESUMO:O crescimento das glândulas parótidas do camundongo durante 7 e 35 dias de vida pós-natal foi estudado por métodos morfométricos. A massa glandular, o volume de cada compartimento morfológico e o número de células em cada compartimento foram avaliados. Os dados obtidos para cada dimensão avaliada foram ajustados por equação exponencial, tipo Y = a.e k.x , permitindo o cálculo do seu tempo de duplicação médio (T D ), ou seja, uma estimativa da sua velocidade de crescimento. A análise dos resultados mostrou a ocorrência de um marcante aumento de massa glandular no período estudado de 1.424%, com T D = 7,10 dias. Esse crescimento glandular ocorreu por aumentos nos volumes absolutos dos ácinos, dos ductos intercalares, dos ductos estriados, dos ductos excretores e do estroma, com aumentos percentuais de, respectivamente, 3.048%, 417%, 2.662%, 2.594% e 367%, e T Ds de 5,62, 11,71, 5,55, 5,47 e 14,45 dias. A análise da evolução do número de células em cada compartimento demonstrou aumentos de, respectivamente, 1.904%, 285%, 1.228%, 1.090% e 286% e T Ds de 6,62, 20,40, 7,19, 7,26 e 14,51 dias. Baseados nos resultados aqui obtidos, concluímos que o crescimento das glândulas parótidas do camundongo entre os dias 7 e 35 de idade ocorre por intenso acúmulo de células, principalmente nos ácinos e nos ductos estriados e excretores, com uma velocidade de crescimento sensivelmente maior que nos ductos intercalares e no estroma.

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Proliferative activity by cell type in the developing rat parotid gland

Cited by 47 publications

References 61 publications

Reengineered salivary glands are stable endogenous bioreactors for systemic gene therapeutics

Reengineered salivary glands are stable endogenous bioreactors for systemic gene therapeutics

Salivary Glands: A Paradigm for Diversity of Gland Development

Morphometric study of the postnatal growth of the parotid gland of the mouse

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