The identification of human CD34-negative (CD34 À ) hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) provides a new concept for the hierarchy in the human HSC compartment. This study investigated the long-term repopulating capacity and redistribution kinetics of human cord blood-derived CD34 À severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-repopulating cells (SRCs) and compared them with those of CD34 þ CD38 þ and CD34 þ CD38 À SRCs using the intra-bone marrow injection (IBMI) to clarify the characteristics of CD34 À SRCs. On the basis of the limiting dilution analyses data, estimated numbers of CD34 þ CD38 þ , CD34 þ CD38 À , and CD34 À SRCs were transplanted to NOD/SCID mice by IBMI. The human cell repopulation at the site of injection and the other bones were serially investigated. Interestingly, CD34 þ CD38 þ , CD34 þ CD38 À , and CD34 À SRCs began to migrate to other bones 2 and 5 weeks after the transplantation, respectively. Accordingly, the initiation of migration seemed to differ between the CD34 þ and CD34 À SRCs. In addition, CD34 þ CD38 þ SRCs only sustained a shortterm repopulation. However, both CD34 þ CD38 À and CD34 À SRCs had longer-term repopulation capacity. Taken together, these findings showed that CD34 À SRCs show different in vivo kinetics, thus suggesting that the identified CD34 À SRCs are a distinct class of primitive HSCs in comparison to the CD34 þ CD38 þ and CD34 þ CD38 À SRCs.