Proliferative and necrotizing otitis externa in a kitten: successful treatment with intralesional and topical corticosteroid therapy

Momota, Yutaka; Yasuda, Junya; Ikezawa, Mitsutaka; Sasaki, Jun; Katayama, Masaaki; Tani, Kenji; Miyabe, Masahiro; Onozawa, Eri; Azakami, Daigo; Ishioka, Katsumi; Sako, Toshinori

doi:10.1292/jvms.15-0652

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…28,55 Depending on severity, the ear canal may be occluded, predisposing cats to secondary infection. 28,[55][56][57] In one cat, the ear canal was severely affected while the pinna was spared. 58 In a kitten with otitis externa, lesions histologically consistent with PNOE developed on the face, though the canals did not have proliferative or necrotic tissue.…”

Section: Immune-mediated Diseases Proliferative and Necrotizing Otitis Externamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common therapies reported in the literature are topical tacrolimus and topical and systemic glucocorticoids. 28,[56][57][58]60 One of the authors (CC) has successfully treated a few severely affected young adult cats with systemic ciclosporin (Figure 3b). The clinician should evaluate for secondary infection and address it if present.…”

Section: Jfms Clinical Practice 439mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28,55 Depending on severity, the ear canal may be occluded, predisposing cats to secondary infection. 28,55–57…”

Section: Primary Factors Causing Otitismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proliferative and necrotizing otitis externa (PNOE) is a rare disease that affects the concave pinna and ear canal, causing proliferative plaques that develop thick, adherent, tan to dark brown layers of keratinaceous exudate (Figure 3a). 28,[55][56][57] Erosions or ulcers develop over time due to the friable proliferative tissue, which can cause pain and pruritus. 28,55 Depending on severity, the ear canal may be occluded, predisposing cats to secondary infection.…”

Section: Immune-mediated Diseases Proliferative and Necrotizing Otiti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic Otitis in Cats: Clinical management of primary, predisposing and perpetuating factors

Brame

Cain

2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Practical relevance: Chronic otitis can be one of the most frustrating diseases to manage for a small animal practitioner. While it occurs less commonly in the cat than the dog, it is no less challenging. The purpose of this review is to discuss the common and uncommon causes of chronic otitis in the cat within the clinical framework used for diagnosis and treatment. The focus is on diseases that affect the ear canal, rather than those restricted to the pinnae. Clinical challenges: Otitis is multifactorial, which complicates management. A common clinical mistake is to focus solely on treating the infection present. Only by addressing all factors will a clinician successfully control chronic otitis. For the purposes of this review, the authors have adopted the established model of separating primary, predisposing and perpetuating causes of otitis. Primary factors are those that directly cause otitis (inflammation); predisposing factors are those that put the patient at risk for development of otitis; and perpetuating factors are those that result in ongoing clinical signs of otitis or that prevent clinical resolution. Audience: This review is aimed at veterinarians who treat cats and particularly those with an interest in feline dermatology and otology. Equipment: While many practitioners rely on a hand-held otoscope, a video-otoscope can be very helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic otitis. Evidence base: This review presents up-to-date information regarding the diagnosis and treatment of chronic otitis in cats, with emphasis on the most recent peer-reviewed literature.

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Section: Immune-mediated Diseases Proliferative and Necrotizing Otitis Externamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Jfms Clinical Practice 439mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28,55 Depending on severity, the ear canal may be occluded, predisposing cats to secondary infection. 28,55–57…”

Section: Primary Factors Causing Otitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immune-mediated Diseases Proliferative and Necrotizing Otiti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chronic Otitis in Cats: Clinical management of primary, predisposing and perpetuating factors

Brame

Cain

2021

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…Accordingly, the treatment protocol of otitis externa may include ear cleaning, management of pain and pruritus, and the administration of topical and/or systemic drugs. Generally, drugs used for the treatment of otitis externa include ceruminolytic solutions, analgesics, glucocorticoids, anti-parasitics, antibiotics, and antifungals (Hariharan et al, 2006;Roy et al, 2011;Moriello, 2013;Momota et al, 2016;Yang and Huang, 2016;Arisov et al, 2020). The prognosis of otitis externa is variable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Otodectic and bacterial etiology of feline otitis externa in Tripoli, Libya

Hiblu¹,

Ellraiss²,

Karim³

et al. 2021

Open Vet J.

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Background: Feline otitis externa is a dermatological disorder with a multifactorial complex etiology.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of different etiological agents, particularly the parasitic and bacterial, responsible for the cases of feline otitis externa in Tripoli, Libya, and to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of the bacterial isolates from those cases.Methods: Cerumen and otic discharges of the suspected cats were collected for parasite detection and bacterial culture. Kirby–Bauer’s disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing.Results: The results showed that otodectic mites and bacterial causes were equally the most prevalent in those cases, with a prevalence of 47.1% each. Otodectes cynotis infestation was more frequently bilateral and severe. Staphylococcus spp. were the most prevalent among bacterial causes (75%), followed by Proteus spp. (16.6%) and Pseudomonas spp. (8.4%). Norfloxacin and gentamicin were the most effective antimicrobials against bacterial isolates, as they were effective against 83.3% and 70.8% of isolates, respectively.Conclusion: Otodectes cynotis infestation and staphylococcal infections constituted the most common etiology of feline otitis externa in Tripoli, Libya, and norfloxacin represented a cogent antibacterial for the treatment of otitis externa.

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Case Report: Proliferative and Necrotizing Otitis Externa in a Cat

Hsiao

Liu

2023

Taiwan Vet J

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An 8-month-old intact female shorthair domestic cat was referred to the National Chung Hsing University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for uncontrolled chronic otitis in both ears. The affected ears revealed purulent discharge, erosion with bleeding and brownish-black proliferative tissue in the opening of both ear canals. Cytological examination of the discharge revealed the presence of gram-positive coccoid bacteria. We carried out histopathological examinations of biopsies obtained from friable and proliferative tissues of both ears. Based on the clinical and histopathological characteristics, proliferative and necrotizing otitis externa (PNOE) was diagnosed. Treatment was initiated with a combination of twice-daily application of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and a once-daily otic lotion containing hydrocortisone aceponate, miconazole nitrate and gentamicin sulfate following the administration of once-daily anti-bacterial flush which contains tromethamine, edetate disodium dehydrate (EDTA) buffered to pH 8 with tromethamine hydrochloride and deionized water. The antibiotic ear lotion was withdrawn in the absence of purulent discharge in both ears after 11 weeks. Most proliferative lesions resolved after 17 weeks, and we tapered the dosage of 0.1% tacrolimus from once daily to once weekly during the year follow-up period. However, in our case, partial remission of PNOE was observed with the application of a combination of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment and a commercial ear lotion. The cat was healthy and had a good quality of life. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PNOE in a cat in Taiwan.

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Proliferative and necrotizing otitis externa in a kitten: successful treatment with intralesional and topical corticosteroid therapy

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

Chronic Otitis in Cats: Clinical management of primary, predisposing and perpetuating factors

Chronic Otitis in Cats: Clinical management of primary, predisposing and perpetuating factors

Otodectic and bacterial etiology of feline otitis externa in Tripoli, Libya

Case Report: Proliferative and Necrotizing Otitis Externa in a Cat

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