Prolonged Administration of Atropine or Histamine in a Silicone Rubber Implant

Bass, Paul; Purdon, R. A.; Wiley, J N

doi:10.1038/208591a0

Cited by 31 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, in the 1960s, it was observed that hydrophobic, lipophilic small molecules diffused through silicone tubing . This inspired the use of silicone rubbers for the controlled release of biologically active agents, including antimalarial and antischistosomal drugs, as well as atropine, histamine, and steroid hormones. − Notably, these materials released molecules over the course of days to months. These findings demonstrated that materials could control the release of biologically active agents in the body, and led to the development of an early approved DDS, Norplant, an implantable contraceptive composed of silicone rubber capsules that release levonorgestrel for up to 5 years .…”

Section: Drug Delivery Systems For Controlled Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Frontiers in Drug Delivery

2016

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Medicine relies on the use of pharmacologically active agents (drugs) to manage and treat disease. However, drugs are not inherently effective; the benefit of a drug is directly related to the manner by which it is administered or delivered. Drug delivery can affect drug pharmacokinetics, absorption, distribution, metabolism, duration of therapeutic effect, excretion, and toxicity. As new therapeutics (e.g., biologics) are being developed, there is an accompanying need for improved chemistries and materials to deliver them to the target site in the body, at a therapeutic concentration, and for the required period of time. In this Perspective, we provide an historical overview of drug delivery and controlled release followed by highlights of four emerging areas in the field of drug delivery: systemic RNA delivery, drug delivery for localized therapy, oral drug delivery systems, and biologic drug delivery systems. In each case, we present the barriers to effective drug delivery as well as chemical and materials advances that are enabling the field to overcome these hurdles for clinical impact.

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Section: Drug Delivery Systems For Controlled Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Frontiers in Drug Delivery

2016

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“…Early observation by Folkman and Long ( 46 ) indicated that silicone rubber has the property of absorbing certain dyes, such as rhodamine B, and subsequently giving off these dyes, suggesting silicone rubber might be used as a drug carrier for prolonged medical therapy. A variety of drugs were initially tested and demonstrated the ability of pass through implanted silicone rubber capsules; these included nitrogen mustard, penicillin, vitamin B 12 , digitoxin, tyrosine, triiodothyronine, histamine, and atropine ( 46 , 47 ). Since then, the high permeability of silicone rubber has been recognized, not only allowing the diffusion of various drugs of small molecules, steroids, or even protein, either in the dry powder form or in a solvent, but also the diffusion of gases, for example, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, ether, nitrous oxide, halothane, and cyclopropane ( 48 - 50 ).…”

Section: Hormone-induced Bph Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine prostate models in preclinical studies of minimally invasive interventions: part II, benign prostatic hyperplasia models

Sun

Báez-Díaz

Sánchez‐Margallo

2017

Transl. Androl. Urol.

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Canine prostate is widely used as animal model in the preclinical evaluation of emerging therapeutic interventions. Spontaneous benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is common in adult intact male dogs with two distinct pathological types: glandular and complex form of prostatic hyperplasia. The complex form of prostatic hyperplasia, usually occurring in older dogs, represents an ideal model because of its unique pathologic feature, including not only glandular hyperplasia but also an increase in prostate stromal components. The limited commercial availability of adult dogs with spontaneous BPH motivates experimentally induced BPH in young dogs. Hormone-induced canine BPH model has been well established with various hormonal treatment regimens and administration approaches. The goal of this review is to provide the veterinary background in spontaneous BPH in dogs, summarize the techniques in hormonal induction of canine BPH, and highlight the pathological and clinical limitations of the canine models that may lead to distinct therapeutic responses compared to clinical trials in humans.

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“…rapid in uitro release from polymer devices, ethynodiol diacetate from silicone polymers 0 Transport, drug-rapid in uitro method for measuring steady-state drug release flux, ethynodiol diacetate from solid silicone polymer vaginal devices Permeation, drugethynodiol diacetate through solid silicone matrix, rapid in uitro method for measuring steady-state drug release flux 0 Ethynodiol diacetate-release from solid silicone vaginal devices, effect of concentration and solubility of drug, rapid in uitro method for measuring steady-state drug release flux Contraceptives-rapid in uitro method for measuring ethynodiol diacetate release from solid silicone vaginal devices [I Vaginal devices-method for measuring drug release from polymer matrix ~~~ Recent interest has centered on the idea of replacing daily administration of a drug with delivery devices that release a constant effective dose to target tissues via a controlled-release mechanism (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). The high permeability of silicone polymer to steroids has been applied to the development of drug-filled and drug-impregnated silicone devices for long-acting hormonal contraception (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%