Prolonged Experimental Occlusion of Thoracic Aorta During Hypothermia

Owens, J. Cuthbert

doi:10.1001/archsurg.1955.01270070097016

Cited by 62 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Hypothermia has been shown to protect spinal cord function during periods of aortic occlusion in other experimental studies (Pontius et al, 1954;Owens et al, 1955;Parkins et al, 1955). Thereafter, regional hypothermia was proposed as a technique to prevent ISCI.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 91%

Role of Induced Hypothermia in Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery

Awad

Elgharably²,

Popovich³

2012

Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management

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For more than 50 years, hypothermia has been used in aortic surgery as a tool for neuroprotection. Hypothermia has been introduced into thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) surgery by many cardiovascular centers to protect the body's organs, including the spinal cord. Numerous publications have shown that hypothermia can prevent immediate and delayed motor dysfunction after aortic cross-clamping. Here, we reviewed the historical application of hypothermia in aortic surgery, role of hypothermia in preclinical studies, cellular and molecular mechanisms by which hypothermia confers neuroprotection, and the role of systemic and regional hypothermia in clinical protocols to reduce and/or eliminate the devastating consequences of ischemic spinal cord injury after TAAA repair.

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Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 91%

Role of Induced Hypothermia in Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery

Awad

Elgharably²,

Popovich³

2012

Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management

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“…Mutual transfer of split thickness skin grafts was carried out between the patients' thighs on Nov. 11, 1961. Neither graft was rejected, and biopsy of both grafts on Feb. 19,1962 revealed no evidence of rejection.…”

Section: Studies On the Donor Patientmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This was achieved in a period of 36 minutes. Additional protection was obtained by subjecting the donor patient to moderate hypothermia, since it has been shown by Owens, 19 Bogardus, 3 and many subsequent investigators that this adjuvant increases tolerance to ischemia. Although hypothermia has not been employed in other cases of renal homotransplantation between identical twins, it has been described by Hamburger and his associates 10 in homografts between nonidentical twins.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Transplantation in Identical Twins

1963

JAMA

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“…Although kidneys were successfully transplanted in the pioneer identical twin cases despite protracted periods of warm ischemia, the maturation of clinical transplantation could not proceed without effective organ conservation. This was accomplished at first with total body hypothermia of living volunteer kidney donors [217] using methods developed by cardiac surgeons for open heart operations [218]. In the experimental laboratory, Lillehei et al [40] simply immersed the excised intestine in iced saline before its autotransplantation, a method also used by Shumway when developing experimental and clinical heart and heart-lung transplantation [45][46][47].…”

Section: Ripple Effect Organ Procurement and Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

History of Clinical Transplantation

Starzl

2000

World j. surg.

153

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The emergence of transplantation has seen the development of increasingly potent immunosuppressive agents, progressively better methods of tissue and organ preservation, refinements in histocompatibility matching, and numerous innovations in surgical techniques. Such efforts in combination ultimately made it possible to successfully engraft all of the organs and bone marrow cells in humans. At a more fundamental level, however, the transplantation enterprise hinged on two seminal turning points. The first was the recognition by Billingham, Brent, and Medawar in 1953 that it was possible to induce chimerism-associated neonatal tolerance deliberately. This discovery escalated over the next 15 years to the first successful bone marrow transplantations in humans in 1968. The second turning point was the demonstration during the early 1960s that canine and human organ allografts could self-induce tolerance with the aid of immunosuppression. By the end of 1962, however, it had been incorrectly concluded that turning points one and two involved different immune mechanisms. The error was not corrected until well into the 1990s. In this historical account, the vast literature that sprang up during the intervening 30 years has been summarized. Although admirably documenting empiric progress in clinical transplantation, its failure to explain organ allograft acceptance predestined organ recipients to lifetime immunosuppression and precluded fundamental changes in the treatment policies. After it was discovered in 1992 that long-surviving organ transplant recipients had persistent microchimerism, it was possible to see the mechanistic commonality of organ and bone marrow transplantation. A clarifying central principle of immunology could then be synthesized with which to guide efforts to induce tolerance systematically to human tissues and perhaps ultimately to xenografts.

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Prolonged Experimental Occlusion of Thoracic Aorta During Hypothermia

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

Role of Induced Hypothermia in Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery

Role of Induced Hypothermia in Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm Surgery

Renal Transplantation in Identical Twins

History of Clinical Transplantation

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