Prolonged growth of Candida albicans reveals co-isolated bacteria from single yeast colonies

Bruno, Danielle do Carmo Ferreira; Bartelli, Thais Fernanda; Rodrigues, Camila Ronqui; Briones, Marcelo R. S.

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2018.07.021

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis has been shown to coinhabit C. albicans colonies even after prolonged periods of growth in hypoxic conditions. The relationship between these two organisms was highly synergistic, making it difficult to separate them in the lab (15). A retrospective analysis of genome sequences of C. albicans isolates from candidemia patients showed that S. epidermidis was often co-isolated and found in genome sequencing reads at significant abundances (14,15).…”

Section: Hypoxia-mediated Fungal Commensalism and Long-term Host Pers...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship between these two organisms was highly synergistic, making it difficult to separate them in the lab (15). A retrospective analysis of genome sequences of C. albicans isolates from candidemia patients showed that S. epidermidis was often co-isolated and found in genome sequencing reads at significant abundances (14,15). Additionally, C. albicans can transcriptionally adapt to grow as a polymicrobial biofilm with P. aeruginosa (48).…”

Section: Hypoxia-mediated Fungal Commensalism and Long-term Host Pers...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Understanding the Human Fungal Pathogen Hypoxia Response in Disease Progression

Puerner,

Vellanki,

Strauch

et al. 2023

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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Fungal-mediated disease progression and antifungal drug efficacy are significantly impacted by the dynamic infection microenvironment. At the site of infection, oxygen often becomes limiting and induces a hypoxia response in both the fungal pathogen and host cells. The fungal hypoxia response impacts several important aspects of fungal biology that contribute to pathogenesis, virulence, antifungal drug susceptibility, and ultimately infection outcomes. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the hypoxia response in the most common human fungal pathogens, discuss potential therapeutic opportunities, and highlight important areas for future research.

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Section: Hypoxia-mediated Fungal Commensalism and Long-term Host Pers...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hypoxia-mediated Fungal Commensalism and Long-term Host Pers...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Understanding the Human Fungal Pathogen Hypoxia Response in Disease Progression

Puerner,

Vellanki,

Strauch

et al. 2023

Annu. Rev. Microbiol.

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“…One of the most serious problems concerning fungal biofilms is their recalcitrance to antifungal therapy [ 2 , 4 ] as they provide resistance to chemical and physical removal and to antimicrobial drugs [ 5 – 7 ]. Mixed bacterial-fungal biofilms are an even more complex challenge to the immune system and are associated with worse clinical outcomes [ 8 , 9 ]. In these biofilms, both pathogens become more virulent [ 10 ] and the infections are associated with higher morbidity and mortality compared to their mono-infections [ 11 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying mixed-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus using evolutionary game theory

Dühring,

Schuster

2024

PLoS ONE

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Mixed-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus pose a significant clinical challenge due to their resistance to the human immune system and antimicrobial therapy. Using evolutionary game theory and nonlinear dynamics, we analyse the complex interactions between these organisms to understand their coexistence in the human host. We determine the Nash equilibria and evolutionary stable strategies of the game between C. albicans and S. aureus and point out different states of the mixed-species biofilm. Using replicator equations we study the fungal-bacterial interactions on a population level. Our focus is on the influence of available nutrients and the quorum sensing molecule farnesol, including the potential therapeutic use of artificially added farnesol. We also investigate the impact of the suggested scavenging of C. albicans hyphae by S. aureus. Contrary to common assumptions, we confirm the hypothesis that under certain conditions, mixed-species biofilms are not universally beneficial. Instead, different Nash equilibria occur depending on encountered conditions (i.e. varying farnesol levels, either produced by C. albicans or artificially added), including antagonism. We further show that the suggested scavenging of C. albicans’ hyphae by S. aureus does not influence the overall outcome of the game. Moreover, artificially added farnesol strongly affects the dynamics of the game, although its use as a medical adjuvant (add-on medication) may pose challenges.

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“…and Aspergillus fumigatus . S. epidermidis is commonly coisolated with Candida albicans , and their mixed cultures exhibit higher biofilm formation as well as drug resistance. , Likewise, coculturing C. albicans with S. aureus increases the invasiveness, biofilm formation, and drug resistance of the bacteria and protects the fungus from immune response more effectively. − S. aureus is also isolated at a higher frequency in the cases of chronic rhino-sinusitis due to A. fumigatus , where it mediates the disease pathology via its superantigens and by increasing the fungal biofilm formation. − In contrast, antagonistic interactions occur with Cryptococcus neoformans , Trichosporon asahii , and Candida glabrata, wherein the bacteria inhibit fungal growth and even induce apoptosis. − To our knowledge, the influence of staphylococci on Mucorales remains uninvestigated. This study was planned to elucidate the interaction of a common pathogenic Mucorale, Rhizopus arrhizus ( R. arrhizus ), with S. aureus and S. epidermidis and identify the molecular mechanisms involved.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…S. epidermidis is commonly coisolated with Candida albicans, and their mixed cultures exhibit higher biofilm formation as well as drug resistance. 7,8 Likewise, coculturing C. albicans with S. aureus increases the invasiveness, biofilm formation, and drug resistance of the bacteria and protects the fungus from immune response more effectively. 9−12 S. aureus is also isolated at a higher frequency in the cases of chronic rhino-sinusitis due to A. f umigatus, where it mediates the disease pathology via its superantigens and by increasing the fungal biofilm formation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antagonistic Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis with Rhizopus arrhizus Mediated by Phenol Soluble Modulins and Organic Acids

2019

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Rhizopus arrhizus (R. arrhizus) is a common causative agent of mucormycosis that usually enters the human body through the respiratory tract and skin. Both these sites harbor staphylococci as a part of the normal microflora, indicating the possibility of interspecies interactions. We aimed to elucidate this interaction and identify the molecular mechanisms involved. Both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) substantially hindered R. arrhizus radial growth, spore germination, and liquid culture biomass. Secreted components in the stationary-phase supernatant were responsible for this activity. The active components, based on molecular weight-based fractionation, mass spectrometry, and ion exclusion chromatography, were identified as a truncated version of phenol soluble modulin α2 (Δ1Δ2PSMα2) and PSMα3 in S. aureus, PSMδ in S. epidermidis, and organic acids in both the species. Exposure to the phenol soluble modulins (PSMs) extensively damaged the fungal spores and pre-existing hyphae, leading to bleb formation, shriveling, hyphal shrinkage, and cell distortion.

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Prolonged growth of Candida albicans reveals co-isolated bacteria from single yeast colonies

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Recent Advances in Understanding the Human Fungal Pathogen Hypoxia Response in Disease Progression

Recent Advances in Understanding the Human Fungal Pathogen Hypoxia Response in Disease Progression

Studying mixed-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus using evolutionary game theory

Antagonistic Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis with Rhizopus arrhizus Mediated by Phenol Soluble Modulins and Organic Acids

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