Prolonged Overexpansion of Extracellular Water in Elderly Patients With Sepsis

Understanding the Impact of Critical Illness on Drug Pharmacokinetics - Scientifically Robust Study Design

“…These inflammatory mediators which include interleukins, kinins and cytokines, are produced in response to endotoxins released from various infectious agents [40,41]. Endothelial damage increases capillary permeability [41] and is often seen in sepsis [42,43]. Increased capillary permeability in combination with fluid resuscitation, will cause significant fluid shifts from the intravascular to the interstitial space [44,45], a process known as "third spacing".…”

Post‐operative volume therapy in cardiac surgery: effects on hemostatic and circulatory variables

“…Some studies show body weight gain and extravascular lung water to be increased through the use of crystalloid solutions (Huang et al 2009), and after major surgery, this fluid overload can prolong the ICU stay (Gan et al 2002). One study in septic patients showed also that the fluid overload which occurs within a few days requires some weeks to resolve (Cheng et al 1998).…”

Water and Sodium Balance: A Nutritional Goal

“…After resuscitation from hypovolemic shock, Böck et al [23] found a 55% increase in ECW, mainly affecting the interstitial compartment. Massive ECW expansion is almost the rule after resuscitation from severe sepsis [24].…”