Prolonged standing increases lower limb arterial stiffness

Caldwell, Aaron R.; Gallagher, Kaitlin M.; Harris, Benjamin T; Rosa‐Caldwell, Megan E.; Payne, Marcus; Daniels, Bryce T.; Ganio, Matthew S.

doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3956-2

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Standing also appeared to increase arterial stiffness localized to the lower limbs (peripheral PWV; Figure 2), and this is in agreement with previous studies on the effects of prolonged standing (Caldwell et al, 2018). The increase in peripheral PWV observed during prolonged standing ( Figure 2) may be related to the edema that occurred during standing.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This reduced vascular function may be partially moderated by a systemic vasoconstrictor response, as evidenced by increased endothelin-1(ET-1) after 2 hours of sitting (Ballard et al, 2017). In addition, arterial stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV), increases in the lower limbs after 2 hours of standing (Caldwell et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FMD, as a measure of vascular function in particular seems to be sensitive to both factors (Morishima et al, 2017;Restaino et al, 2016). However, lower limb arterial stiffness (i.e., PWV) appears to increase even in the absence of arterial bending (i.e., during standing) (Caldwell et al, 2018). Therefore, standing may not always be beneficial and, in fact, may have some negative effects on the vasculature…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Effects of Standing and Passive Heating on Attenuating Sitting-Induced Vascular Dysfunction

Caldwell

Jansen

Rosa‐Caldwell

et al. 2020

Preprint

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What is the central question of this study?Prolonged sitting can cause acutely vascular dysfunction while interventions such as local heating or standing have been explored they have not been used in combination and the role of biological sex has not been fully explored. What is the main finding and its importance?In this study we demonstrate that either local heating or standing are effective at reducing some of the vascular dysfunction associated with prolonged sitting. Biological sex did not appear appear to play a role in this response. However, standing may also cause some negative effects such as increased arterial stiffness and increase the risk of syncope. AbstractRecent evidence suggests prolonged sitting strains the arteries through angulations that create turbulent blood flow. This turbulent flow reduces flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a key indicator of vascular health. The purpose of this study was to determine if arterial angulations (through sitting or standing), shear stress (through local heating), or a combination of these factors affected vascular function. In addition, we sought examined the impact of biological sex on these responses. Methods: Twenty-six healthy, young (18-40 years old) males (n=13) and females (n=13) participated. Participants completed two experimental trials (2-h sitting and 2-h standing), and, in a randomized fashion, one leg was passively heated. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) at the superficial femoral artery (SFA), and central and peripheral pulse-wave velocity (PWV) were measured using vascular ultrasound. Results: There was a non-significant decrease in FMD (-1.48%; p = .06) during sitting and the decline in FMD was not different between biological sexes (-1.96% vs -0.93%; p = .49, males and females respectively). Passive heating (1.42%; p < .05) and standing (1.42%; p < .05) both improved FMD in comparison to sitting. However, standing resulted in a significant increase in peripheral PWV (50 cm/s; p < .05). Interestingly, the standing was not well tolerated among female participants with seven participants having to stop their initial trial early due to lightheadedness. Conclusions: Both interventions appear to be equally effective at mitigating reductions FMD associated with sitting, but standing increased peripheral PWV. In addition, it does not appear that biological sex moderates these physiological responses. Word limit: 250Sitting Vascular Dysfunction Teixeira, A. L., Padilla, J., & Vianna, L. C. (2017). Impaired popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation caused by reduced daily physical activity is prevented by increased shear stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combined Effects of Standing and Passive Heating on Attenuating Sitting-Induced Vascular Dysfunction

Caldwell

Jansen

Rosa‐Caldwell

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Compared to aerobic and resistance exercises, standing is more accessible in practice. However, current evidence does not support the efficacy of two-leg standing on arterial stiffness in humans (Caldwell et al, 2018;Greenlund et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Acute effects of one-leg standing on arterial stiffness in older women: Role of the vision condition and standing dose

Zhou

Tao²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Physiol.

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Objective: One-leg standing has been used exclusively for static balance testing and training purposes. We investigated the acute effects of one-leg standing with open or closed eyes on arterial stiffness in older women and explored the role of standing dose in arterial stiffness regulation.Methods: Eighteen older women (60 ± 2 years) underwent non-intervention control (CON), one-leg standing with open eyes for 2 × 3 min (SO2), and one-leg standing with closed eyes for 1 × 3 min (SC1), 2 × 3 min (SC2), and 3 × 3 min trials (SC3) in a randomized self-controlled crossover fashion. Arterial stiffness in the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) was measured at baseline (BL), immediately (0 min), and 10 and 20 min after standing. CAVI changes from BL in the same trial (⊿CAVI) were used for analysis.Results: ⊿CAVI of the non-standing and standing side did not change with time in CON and SO2 trials. In SC1, SC2, and SC3 trials, ⊿CAVI of the standing side decreased significantly at 0 min compared to their corresponding BL (p < 0.01) and reverted gradually to the BL level afterward, with ⊿CAVI of the non-standing side undergoing no changes. At the time point of 0 min, only in the SC2 trial, ⊿CAVI of the standing side was significantly lower than that of CON (p < 0.01).Conclusion: One-leg standing with closed eyes, but not with open eyes, resulted in transient arterial stiffness improvement in older women. The improvement was restricted to standing leg, and the moderate standing dose had maximal benefit on arterial stiffness.

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“…Implementation of treadmills or cycling desks remains limited due to their high cost, large size and their lack of practicality for some population [ 25 , 114 ]. Standing desk has not been shown to be a very efficient strategy as it may increase musculoskeletal risk [ 115 ] and venous insufficiency [ 116 ] without any change in energy expenditure [ 117 ]. The strength of the present study is the use of PPM device.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cycling workstation to get tertiary employee moving on their overall health: study protocol for a REMOVE trial

Guirado

Metz

Pereira

et al. 2021

Trials

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Background Sedentary behaviour (SB) and low levels of physical activity (PA) are predictors of morbidity and mortality. Tertiary employees spend a considerable amount of their daily time seated and new efficient strategies to both reduce sedentary time and increase physical activity are needed. In that context, the REMOVE study aims at evaluating the health effects of a 24-week cycling desk intervention among office workers. Methods A prospective, open-label, multicentre, two-arm parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted in office-sitting desk workers. Office workers (N = 80) who have 0.8 full time equivalent hours (FTE) and 75% of this time in a sitting position will be recruited from tertiary worksites in Clermont-Ferrand, France. Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of the two following interventions: (i) PPM6: performance of two 30 min of cycling desk (using portable pedal exercise machine—PPM) per working day for 6 months or (ii) CTL_PPM3: 3 months with no intervention (control) followed by 3 months during which workers will be asked to complete two 30 min of PPM per working day. At baseline (T0), at 3 months (T1) and at 6 months (T2) after the start of the interventions, primary outcomes; 7-day PA and SB (3D-accelerometers), secondary outcomes; body composition (bioelectrical impedance), physical fitness (aerobic fitness, upper and lower limb strength), metabolic outcomes (fasting blood samples), self-perceived stress, anxiety, quality of life at work and job strain (questionnaires), tertiary outcomes; resting metabolic rate and cycling energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) and eating behaviours (questionnaires) will be measured. An ergonomic approach based on observations and individual interviews will be used to identify parameters that could determine adherence. Discussion The REMOVE study will be the first RCT to assess the effects of cycling workstations on objectively measured PA and SB during working and non-working hours and on key physiological and psychological health outcomes. This study will provide important information regarding the implementation of such cycling workstations in office workers and on the associated potential health benefits. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT04153214. Registered on November 2019, version 1

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Prolonged standing increases lower limb arterial stiffness

Abstract: These findings indicate that prolonged standing increases the measures of arterial stiffness and there is no evidence that walk breaks attenuate this response.

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Combined Effects of Standing and Passive Heating on Attenuating Sitting-Induced Vascular Dysfunction

Combined Effects of Standing and Passive Heating on Attenuating Sitting-Induced Vascular Dysfunction

Acute effects of one-leg standing on arterial stiffness in older women: Role of the vision condition and standing dose

Effects of cycling workstation to get tertiary employee moving on their overall health: study protocol for a REMOVE trial

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