Promalin improves the shape of Delicious apples in Victoria

Veinbrants, N; Miller, P. M.

doi:10.1071/ea9810623

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…However, it appears from the present study that fruit shape may also be influenced by the time of thinning in some cultivars, particularly 'Delicious', where thinning close to bloom reversed this trend towards flatter fruit. From a marketing perspective, fruit shape and typiness are important attributes in 'Delicious' and management practices that flatten the fruit impact on marketability [34,35].…”

Section: Fruit Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Target Crop Loads for Maximising Fruit Quality and Return Bloom in Several Apple Cultivars

Bound

2023

Applied Biosciences

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In apple (Malus domestica), the level and timing of crop load have a major impact on the final fruit size and can also play a role in optimising internal fruit quality. Ideal crop loads vary with cultivar, but very few cultivars have recommended crop load targets that consider the effect of crop load on both return bloom and fruit quality. To address this issue, studies examining a range of crop loads and thinning times were undertaken on several apple cultivars. Return bloom and multiple fruit quality parameters were examined. The results of these studies demonstrate positive effects for early thinning, not only on fruit size but also on firmness and soluble solids content. Early-thinned fruit showed higher sugar levels than late-thinned fruit. Previously undemonstrated positive relationships between fruit sugar content and weight and between fruit firmness and weight in both ‘Fuji’ and ‘Delicious’, as well as between fruit sugar content and fruit firmness in ‘Delicious’, indicate that early thinning is a valuable tool in improving fruit quality. The current target crop load recommendations of 4–6 fruit cm−2 trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) for ‘Fuji’ and 2–4 fruit cm−2 TCSA for ‘Delicious’ are confirmed by this study. New recommendations are proposed for the other cultivars in this study taking into account the impact of crop load on both fruit quality and return bloom. Both ‘Pink Lady’ and ‘Gala’ can support crop loads of up to eight fruit cm−2 TCSA without impacting return bloom, but fruit quality is compromised; hence, lower targets in the range of 4–6 fruit cm−2 TCSA are recommended. Large fruit size and good return bloom can be maintained in ‘Jonagold’ at crop loads of eight fruit cm−2 TCSA, while crop loads of four fruit cm−2 TCSA are suggested for ‘Braeburn’ to sustain regular bearing and good fruit size.

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Section: Fruit Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Target Crop Loads for Maximising Fruit Quality and Return Bloom in Several Apple Cultivars

Bound

2023

Applied Biosciences

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“…In several mountainous apple-growing regions, air temperature is influenced by elevation. Veinbrants and Miller (1981) observed that fruit produced in northeastern Victoria, Australia, at relatively high elevations, tended to have the characteristic elongated Delicious shape because of low air temperature after blooming. However, many Delicious apples grown in the coastal areas of southern Victoria at low elevations and high air temperatures after blooming tended to be flat rather than elongated and do not assume the characteristic Delicious shape.…”

Section: Fruit Shape and Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive effects of 6-BA, GA4+7 and prohexadione-calcium on ‘Gala’ apples

Cline

2017

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Gibberellic acid (GA 4+7) and the cytokinin 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) are used during bloom and fruit set to reduce russeting and improve typiness of select apple cultivars. The gibberellin synthesis inhibitor prohexadionecalcium (P-Ca) is used at the same developmental stage to reduce vegetative growth and susceptibility to fireblight. The use of GA 4+7 /6-BA for enhancing the typiness of Gala apples and the interaction of GA 4+7 /6-BA and P-Ca was investigated in a 2-yr experiment on mature Royal Gala/Bud 9 trees. Six treatments were imposed: (i) untreated control; (ii) 5.5 mg L −1 of GA 4+7 and 6-BA; (iii) 11 mg L −1 of GA 4+7 and 6-BA; (iv) 21 mg L −1 of GA 4+7 and 6-BA; (v) 123 mg L −1 P-Ca; and (vi) a tank mixture of 21 mg L −1 GA 4+7 /6-BA and 123 mg L −1 P-Ca. Trees treated with P-Ca had 21%-45% less growth than the untreated trees or trees treated with GA 4+7 /6-BA. In one of two years, the addition of GA 4+7 and 6-BA tank-mixed with P-Ca reduced the efficacy of P-Ca on shoot growth. GA 4+7 /6-BA decreased soluble solids and fruit firmness in 1 yr, suggesting a delay in fruit maturity. P-Ca alone reduced scarf skin by 7%-10%; however, this effect was negated when combined with GA 4+7 + 6-BA in one of the two years. GA 4+7 + 6-BA increased fruit typiness and length to diameter ratios.

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“…In addition Promalin improved the prominence of the calyx lobes equally at all concentrations. In Australia the plant growth regulator Cytolin (registered as Promalin in the USA) is commonly used to elongate and improve the shape of 'Delicious' [112,113,114,115].…”

Section: Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

Apples (Malus domestica, Borkh.) Phenology in Ethiopian Highlands: Plant Growth, Blooming, Fruit Development and Fruit Quality Perspectives

Melke

Fetene

2014

AJEA

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Fruit quality is the result of a complex interaction of management and environmental factors. By understanding the impact of environment, culture, harvesting, handling and storage on fruit quality, growers should be able to improve both average qualities in their crop as well as improving the proportion of fruit in the highest quality grade. Whilst management practices such as pruning, training, and crop regulation methods contributed widely for development of quality fruit. The relationships between apple rootstock-scion are important and provide a basis for selecting the best graft combination for particular environmental conditions and high fruit quality. Because these interaction influences

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Promalin improves the shape of Delicious apples in Victoria

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Determination of Target Crop Loads for Maximising Fruit Quality and Return Bloom in Several Apple Cultivars

Determination of Target Crop Loads for Maximising Fruit Quality and Return Bloom in Several Apple Cultivars

Interactive effects of 6-BA, GA4+7 and prohexadione-calcium on ‘Gala’ apples

Apples (Malus domestica, Borkh.) Phenology in Ethiopian Highlands: Plant Growth, Blooming, Fruit Development and Fruit Quality Perspectives

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