Promise and problems for estimating management costs of marine protected areas

Ban, Natalie C.; Adams, Vanessa M.; Pressey, Robert L.; Hicks, John

doi:10.1111/j.1755-263x.2011.00171.x

Cited by 65 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Only a few studies have explicitly quantified these costs (Ban and Klein 2009;Davis et al 2015). Ban et al (2011) compared the enforcement costs for staffing an entirely no-take protected area versus a mixed zone seascape (protected and fished) and found that compliance staffing was doubled when mixed zoning occurred.…”

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite being critical to decision-making about natural resource management (Naidoo et al 2006), costs associated with establishing and managing protected areas are often poorly reported, difficult to quantify (Balmford et al 2004;Ban et al 2011), and highly contextual (Rojas-Nazar et al 2015). As a flexible way to integrate the amalgam of costs (e.g., stock assessments, ecological monitoring, staffing, enforcement, etc.)…”

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a flexible way to integrate the amalgam of costs (e.g., stock assessments, ecological monitoring, staffing, enforcement, etc.) associated with the different zones (Ban et al 2011) and across regions, we parameterize the relative costs between protected and managed areas. One key factor driving the cost of management interventions, be they marine reserves or gear restrictions, is the cost of enforcing compliance.…”

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocean zoning within a sparing versus sharing framework

et al. 2018

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The land-sparing versus land-sharing debate centers around how different intensities of habitat use can be coordinated to satisfy competing demands for biodiversity persistence and food production in agricultural landscapes. We apply the broad concepts from this debate to the sea and propose it as a framework to inform marine zoning based on three possible management strategies, establishing: no-take marine reserves, regulated fishing zones, and unregulated open-access areas. We develop a general model that maximizes standing fish biomass, given a fixed management budget while maintaining a minimum harvest level. We find that when management budgets are small, sea-sparing is the optimal management strategy because for all parameters tested, reserves are more cost-effective at increasing standing biomass than traditional fisheries management. For larger budgets, the optimal strategy switches to sea-sharing because, at a certain point, further investing to grow the no-take marine reserves reduces catch below the minimum harvest constraint. Our intention is to illustrate how general rules of thumb derived from plausible, single-purpose models can help guide marine protected area policy under our novel sparing and sharing framework. This work is the beginning of a basic theory for optimal zoning allocations and should be considered complementary to the more specific spatial planning literature for marine reserve as nations expand their marine protected area estates.

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Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocean zoning within a sparing versus sharing framework

et al. 2018

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“…Nevertheless, compliance levels mostly dependent on enforcement require a strong authority presence, which translates into high operation costs (Keane et al 2008, Ban et al 2011. The high awareness level related to fines may be caused by government efforts to educate for compliance, which at the time of this study emphasized the illegality of fishing in no-take zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Recreational Fishers’ Compliance with No-take Zones in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

Arias

Sutton

2013

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Understanding fishers' compliance is essential for the successful management of marine protected areas. We used the random response technique (RRT) to assess recreational fishers' compliance with no-take zones in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP). The RRT allowed the asking of a sensitive question, i.e., "Did you, knowingly, fish within in a Green Zone during the last 12 months?" while protecting respondents' confidentiality. Application of the RRT through a survey of recreational fishers indicated that the majority of recreational fishers, 90%, comply with no-take zones. Likewise, most fishers, 92%, reported not personally knowing anyone who had intentionally fished in a no-take zone, indicating that fishers' perceive high levels of compliance among their peers. Fishers were motivated to comply with no-take zones primarily by their beliefs about penalties for noncompliance, followed by beliefs about the fishery benefits of no-take zones. Results suggest that compliance-related communication efforts by the managing authority have partially succeeded in maintaining appropriate compliance levels and that future efforts should accentuate normative compliance drivers that will encourage voluntary compliance. We conclude that compliance monitoring should be integrated into the adaptive management of the GBRMP and other protected areas; in this case social surveys using the RRT are effective tools.

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“…We used the maximum possible salary so as not to underestimate the budget. We assumed that patrols were always carried out by two rangers and that staff on-costs were 25% (Ban et al, 2011).…”

Section: Enforcement Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Threats to migratory birds, and actions for their conservation

Dhanjal‐Adams¹

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Migratory species undertake some of the most extreme feats of endurance known in the animal kingdom. Despite many species migrating across continents, oceans and hemispheres, most cannot survive everywhere. Migrants are highly dependent on strategically located breeding and feeding sites for survival and reproduction. Indeed, many species are constrained in time and space by seasonal resource availability, thus forming migratory bottlenecks. Threats operating in such bottlenecks can impact the population as a whole, and can impact survival and reproduction at later migratory stages. In fact, migratory species worldwide are declining at greater rates than non-migratory species. Many migratory species are at risk of extinction if no conservation action is taken.Pinpointing where and when threats occur, and understanding how they impact population dynamics of migratory species is complex. Few tools are available for diagnosing declines, and even fewer for prioritising conservation actions in migratory species. As a result, our understanding of how to conserve migratory species is remarkably poor. In my thesis, I tackle these fundamental gaps in our knowledge by 1) developing and testing a method to distinguish local from remote drivers of population growth rate in migratory species, 2) mapping critical habitat, and 3) prioritising conservation actions at local and international scales. I use the migratory shorebirds of the East-Asian Australasian Flyway as a case study. The East-Asian Australasian Flyway supports 60 species migrating across 23 political jurisdictions, many of which are in significant decline.In Chapter 1, I introduce my thesis by outlining key topics surrounding the conservation of migrants, linking them to my case study. In Chapter 2, I distinguish between local and remote drivers of population growth in migrants, using (i) count data from a single site within a migratory flyway, and (ii) a list of potential stopover sites. Indeed, for migratory species with large distributions, count data, mark-recapture studies or tagging records from across the entire geographic distribution are rare. Monitoring data are typically only available for one or a few sites. Newly available remote sensing data offer an opportunity to investigate how conditions in other parts of migratory cycle affect population growth rate at a monitored site. Analysing count data from Moreton Bay, Australia, I show that it is possible to identify effects of climatic conditions throughout the flyway on the population growth rate of migratory shorebirds as measured at a non-breeding site. My results also show that declines are occurring consistently 3 across all study species, but that there are some clear differences in temperature and rainfall impacts on population growth rate.Information about the distribution and status of habitat is crucial when devising conservation plans for migratory species, yet very little is known about the distribution, extent and protection of the intertidal habitats used by migratory shorebirds. ...

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Promise and problems for estimating management costs of marine protected areas

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Ocean zoning within a sparing versus sharing framework

Ocean zoning within a sparing versus sharing framework

Understanding Recreational Fishers’ Compliance with No-take Zones in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

Threats to migratory birds, and actions for their conservation

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Promise and problems for estimating management costs of marine protected areas

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Ocean zoning within a sparing versus sharing framework

Ocean zoning within a sparing versus sharing framework

Understanding Recreational Fishers&#8217; Compliance with No-take Zones in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park

Threats to migratory birds, and actions for their conservation

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Product

Resources

About

Understanding Recreational Fishers’ Compliance with No-take Zones in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park