Promise and reality of practical <scp>potassium‐based</scp> energy storage systems

Yi, Yuyang; Zhao, Yu; Sun, Jingyu

doi:10.1002/eng2.12328

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 116 publications

(260 reference statements)

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“…As displayed in Figure a, the CACF-2//CACF-2 PIHC device was assembled by using the pre-potassiation CACF-2 anode and original CACF-2 cathode (Figure S20). , The mass ratio of anode/cathode was optimized between 1:0.5 and 1:2. Figure b shows the CV profiles of the PIHCs with a mass ratio of 1:1 in the voltage range of 0–4.5 V. The CV curves show a “capacitor-like” rectangular shape with several irregular peak deviations from the ideal value, which may be due to the combined effect of the non-Faradaic reactions and the electrolyte decomposition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Plains–Hills”: A New Model to Design Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrode Materials for High-Performance Potassium Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

Ming

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Enhancing the pseudocapacitance of carbon electrodes by doping them with heteroatoms becomes one promising way for fabricating high energy density supercapacitors. Nevertheless, rich doping with heteroatoms often arouses an inevitable contradiction between pseudocapacitance and conductivity. In this paper, inspired by the surface structure of the lotus leaf, a novel "plains−hills" model of carbon structure is proposed to solve this problem. For achieving this plains−hills structure, CaCl 2 is employed as both a complexing agent and an oxygen scavenger in Ca 2+ −biogels via host−guest complexation, resulting in an ultrathin carbon unstacked nanosheet ("plains" domain) with numerous protuberances ("hills" domain) by a facile one-step pyrolysis. The obtained plains−hills architecture containing the defectrich hills and the ordered plains achieves a harmonious coexistence of high pseudocapacitance and good conductivity in heteroatom-doped carbon materials. As expected, this kind of plains−hills carbon electrode exhibits a reversible capacity of 147.2 mAh g −1 at 10 A g −1 after 5000 cycles, leading to an obvious energy density enhancement of potassium ion hybrid supercapacitors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Plains–Hills”: A New Model to Design Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrode Materials for High-Performance Potassium Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

Ming

Liu

et al. 2021

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…On the latter concern, the preincorporated K + can reduce the potential of the anode as well as provide additional K‐ion sources to compensate the initial irreversible potassium loss due to the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer on the anode surface, thereby improving the energy density of the entire device. As a result, the primary bottleneck is to deal with the optimization in the rate capability of the anode and improvement of the specific capacity of the cathode to boost the final energy density and power density 10,11 . KOH‐pretreated commercial activated carbon (AC) has normally been employed as the cathode candidate, readily demonstrating favorable performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harmonized edge/graphitic‐nitrogen doped carbon nanopolyhedron@nanosheet composite via salt‐confined strategy for advanced K‐ion hybrid capacitors

Lian

et al. 2021

InfoMat

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Nitrogen doping has readily emerged as an efficient solution to boost potassium‐ion storage of carbonaceous materials. Nevertheless, the capacity and lifespan enhancement of derived electrodes is still plagued by the incompetent in coordinating the dopant configurations. In the realm of emerging potassium‐ion hybrid capacitor (PIHC) device, dictating nitrogen doping to enhance pseudocapacitive behavior and improve K+ diffusion kinetics of carbonaceous anodes is scarcely demonstrated. Herein, we report the design of hierarchical N‐doped carbon nanopolyhedron@nanosheet composite via a salt‐confined synthetic strategy with tunable doping configurations toward advanced PIHC anode. A harmonized edge‐ to graphitic‐nitrogen ratio in such dual‐carbon materials enables outstanding rate capability (130 mAh g−1 at 10.0 A g−1) and cyclic performance (with a capacity retention of 80% after 2000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1) in half‐cell tests. As expected, the thus‐assembled PIHC full device with a working voltage of 4.2 V presents a high energy/power density (146 Wh kg−1/8000 W kg−1) and favorable cyclicability. This work is anticipated to offer an innovative insight into the coordination of nitrogen doping configurations in heteroatom‐doped carbon anode targeting high‐performance PIHC applications.

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An Anode‐Free Potassium‐Metal Battery Enabled by a Directly Grown Graphene‐Modulated Aluminum Current Collector

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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energy density. [3] Fortunately, the exploration of novel configurations of K-based energy storage systems is expected to provide key breakthroughs in overcoming performance bottlenecks. [4] An anode-free battery archi tecture tactfully eliminates active anode materials by pairing a fully preintercalated cathode with a bare anode current collector, thereby endowing the full-cell with increased energy density. [5] Pint et al. constructed an anode-free Na-metal battery using sodiated pyrite as the cathode and Al foils modified with a carbon nucleation layer as the anode current collector, achieving an energy density of ≈400 Wh kg −1 . [4a] Meanwhile, Luo et al. reported an anode-free porous Al||presodiated TiS 2 full-cell with increased energy density. [6] Recently, Mitlin et al. devised an innovative anode-free Na-metal battery comprising a Na 2 (Sb 2/6 Te 3/6 Vac 1/6 ) current collector and Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 cathode, obtaining a capacity decay of only 0.23% per cycle. [7] Despite these achievements, anode-free K-metal batteries have rarely been explored.Besides possessing advantages over Cu in terms of cost and weight, Al foil can function as an anode current collector in anode-free K-metal batteries. [8] However, commercial Al current collectors are electrochemically potassiophobic and exhibit high nucleation resistance, inducing uneven electrochemical K deposition. [9] This results in poor reversibility during the plating/stripping process, which is reflected by a low Coulombic efficiency (CE). As anode-free K-metal batteries possess a finite K inventory in the cathode, the low CE might eventually result in capacity plunge and battery failure. [5,10] Therefore, it is of core significance to modulate the nucleation-growth behavior of K on an Al current collector through scalable and delicate surface modification. [11] Various conceptual models have been proposed to reveal the electrochemical growth behavior of metals that are complementary toward each other. [12] Recently, a film growth model was established to explain the growth of metals from a new perspective. [13] In this model, the electrochemical plating of K can be analogized as thin-film growth in vacuum and is governed by the surface energy of the substrate. [14] Based on this model, it is feasible to tune the surface energy of an Al current collector to ameliorate the nucleation-growth behavior Potassium (K)-metal batteries have emerged as a promising energy-storage device owing to abundant K resources. An anode-free architecture that bypasses the need for anode host materials can deliver an elevated energy density. However, the poor efficiency of K plating/stripping on potassiophobic anode current collectors results in rapid K inventory loss and a short cycle life. Herein, commercial Al foils are decorated with an ultrathin graphenemodified layer (Al@G) through roll-to-roll plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. By harnessing strong adhesion (10.52 N m −1 ) and a high surface energy (66.6 mJ m −2 ), the designed Al@G structure ensures a highly...

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Promise and reality of practical potassium‐based energy storage systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 116 publications

“Plains–Hills”: A New Model to Design Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrode Materials for High-Performance Potassium Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

“Plains–Hills”: A New Model to Design Biomass-Derived Carbon Electrode Materials for High-Performance Potassium Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors

Harmonized edge/graphitic‐nitrogen doped carbon nanopolyhedron@nanosheet composite via salt‐confined strategy for advanced K‐ion hybrid capacitors

An Anode‐Free Potassium‐Metal Battery Enabled by a Directly Grown Graphene‐Modulated Aluminum Current Collector

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