Promise, performance and current limitations of a magnetic Bedload Movement Detector

Hassan, Marwan A.; Church, Michael; Rempel, Jason; Enkin, Randolph J.

doi:10.1002/esp.1797

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…A paradigm shift in society over recent decades has made river restoration and integrated management approaches a major issue. Especially in large rivers, data and methods that describe sediment transport processes and the resulting morphological changes (Hassan et al, 2009) are lacking. Supply-limited systems are often encountered, which lead to channel degradation and incision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comprehensive field data are also needed in order to evaluate or adapt selected measures to meet the demands of a large number of different stakeholders. Especially in large rivers, data and methods that describe sediment transport processes and the resulting morphological changes (Hassan et al, 2009) are lacking. Although many questions can be answered using 3D hydrodynamic numerical models, direct measurements are crucial for their calibration and validation and knowledge of the distribution and dynamics of bedload transport is essential for understanding and predicting morphological changes (Richards and Lane, 1997;Rennie and Millar, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a broad range of bedload sampling devices have been developed and used over the last century, there is still a need for accurate and applicable systems (Hassan et al, 2009). At various small rivers in Austria, integrative bedload transport measurement systems have yielded good results and insights into bedload transport dynamics Kreisler and Habersack, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into bedload transport processes of a large regulated gravel‐bed river

Liedermann

Gmeiner

Kreisler

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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A comprehensive monitoring programme focusing on bedload transport behaviour was conducted at a large gravel‐bed river. Innovative monitoring strategies were developed during five years of preconstruction observations accompanying a restoration project. A bedload basket sampler was used to perform 55 cross‐sectional measurements, which cover the entire water discharge spectrum from a 200‐year flood event in 2013 to a rare low flow event. The monitoring activities provide essential knowledge regarding bedload transport processes in large rivers. We have identified the initiation of motion under low flow conditions and a decrease in the rate of bedload discharge with increasing water discharge around bankfull conditions. Bedload flux strongly increases again during high flood events when the entire inundation area is flooded. No bedload hysteresis was observed. The effective discharge for bedload transport was determined to be near mean flow conditions, which is therefore at a lower flow discharge than expected. A numerical sediment transport model was able to reproduce the measured sediment transport patterns. The unique dataset enables the characterisation of bedload transport patterns in a large and regulated gravel‐bed river, evaluation of modern river engineering measures on the Danube, and, as a pilot project has recently been under construction, is able to address ongoing river bed incision, unsatisfactory ecological conditions for the adjacent national park and insufficient water depths for inland navigation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insights into bedload transport processes of a large regulated gravel‐bed river

Liedermann

Gmeiner

Kreisler

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…Although a broad range of sampling devices in river engineering have been developed and used over the last century, there is still a need for accurate systems, which are applicable to large rivers (Hassan et al, 2009). Tracing grains in natural streambeds is tedious and difficult, and only recently have studies obtained results that reasonably reflect the displacement of the material (Church, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle path characteristics at the large gravel‐bed river Danube: results from a tracer study and numerical modelling

Liedermann

Tritthart

Habersack

2012

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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A tracer study performed on a 3 km long reach of the Danube River in Austria is presented. Forty artificial stones of three different sizes (intermediate b‐axis: 25 mm, 40 mm, 70 mm) were produced and a coded radio acoustic transmitter was implanted. The measurement system had to be improved to be applicable to large rivers with water depths up to 12 m. The positions of the stones were observed approximately once a week, depending on hydrology, over a period of at least one year by radio‐tracking from a boat, including a 15 year flood event. Transport paths and velocities, as well as the incipient motion of bedload transport, could be monitored for the first time on a large gravel‐bed river. The particle paths were found to be mostly bankline‐parallel, even though the stones passed a 30° river bend. The median of the transverse particle displacement was found to be 4% of the longitudinal displacement. Calculations considering both transverse slope and transverse flow velocities showed transverse transport to be 6·6% of the longitudinal transport indicating that marginal lateral transport is mainly influenced by morphology. A three‐dimensional (3D) numerical model using a stochastic particle tracing approach was validated with the data, indicating that the observed positions are well reproduced by the model. Within the observation period, 74% of all stones passed the reach. With more than 1000 detections, particle transport could be characterized by a mean travel velocity of about 10 m per day (variable for the different grain sizes); single tracer stones were transported up to 1000 m during a single flood event. Size‐selective behaviour could be shown and the incipient motion of the large 70 mm gravel was detected at lower discharges than predicted by commonly used uniform bedload transport formulae. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…Signals recorded as sediment passes over the plate create a continuous measure of bedload movement. Magnetic detector strips have been similarly installed across channel widths where they record the movement and magnetic content of bedload (Gottesfeld and Tunnicliffe, 2003;Hassan et al, 2009). The use of impact and magnetic sensors can be combined with large sediment traps or bed surveys for additional information about the grain size distributions and spatial patterns of transport events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real time measurements of sediment transport and bed morphology during channel altering flow and sediment transport events

Curran¹,

Waters

Cannatelli³

2015

Geomorphology

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Real-time measurements of bed changes over a reach are a missing piece needed to link bed morphology with sediment transport processes during unsteady flows when the bed adjusts quickly to changing transport rates or visual observation of the bed is precluded by fine sediment in the water column. A new technique is presented that provides continuous measurement of sediment movement over the length of a flume. A bedload monitoring system (BLMS) was developed that makes use of pressure pillows under a false flume bottom to measure sediment and water weights over discrete flume channel sections throughout a flow event. This paper details the construction of the BLMS and provides examples of its use in a laboratory setting to reconstruct bed slopes during unsteady flows and to create a real-time record of sediment transport rates across the flume channel bed during a sediment transporting flow. Data gathered from the BLMS compared well against techniques commonly in use in flume studies. When the BLMS was analyzed in conjunction with bed surface DEMs and differenced DEMs, a complete transport and bed adjustment picture was constructed. The difference DEMs provided information on the spatial extent of bed morphology changes. The BLMS supplied the data record necessary to reconstruct sediment transport records through the downstream channel, including locations and time periods of temporary sediment storage and supply. The BLMS makes it possible to construct a continuous record of the spatial distribution of sediment movement through the flume, including areas of temporary aggradation and degradation. Exciting implications of future research that incorporates a BLMS include a more informed management of river systems as a result of improved temporal 3 predictions of sediment movement and the associated changes in channel slope and bed morphology.

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Promise, performance and current limitations of a magnetic Bedload Movement Detector

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Insights into bedload transport processes of a large regulated gravel‐bed river

Insights into bedload transport processes of a large regulated gravel‐bed river

Particle path characteristics at the large gravel‐bed river Danube: results from a tracer study and numerical modelling

Real time measurements of sediment transport and bed morphology during channel altering flow and sediment transport events

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