Promises of Nanotherapeutics in Obesity

Ash, Garrett I.; Kim, Dongin; Choudhury, Mahua

doi:10.1016/j.tem.2019.04.004

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…The main therapeutic strategies involved are as follows ( Figure 2 ): (1) combating obesity by the inherent properties of certain materials, e.g., chitosan and its derivatives [ 74 , 75 , 76 ]; (2) covalently coupling small-molecule agents to natural or synthetic polymers, which can regulate the release rate and increase the drug’s stability [ 30 ]; and (3) delivering drugs by physically loading them into nanoparticles, hydrogels, transdermal microneedles, etc. Nanoparticles are commonly used as oral delivery vehicles for anti-obesity drugs, which can prevent drug inactivation in the gastrointestinal tract, improve drug stability, and improve the bioavailability of drugs by oral absorption [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ]. Modification with antibodies, glycosyl groups, etc., can also endow the carriers with active targeting capabilities.…”

Section: Biomaterial-assisted Anti-obesity Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) delivering drugs by physically loading them into nanoparticles, hydrogels, transdermal microneedles, etc. Nanoparticles are commonly used as oral delivery vehicles for anti-obesity drugs, which can prevent drug inactivation in the gastrointestinal tract, improve drug stability, and improve the bioavailability of drugs by oral absorption [77][78][79][80][81]. Modification with antibodies, glycosyl groups, etc., can also endow the carriers with active targeting capabilities.…”

Section: Biomaterial-assisted Anti-obesity Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Comorbidities

Duan

Liu

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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Obesity is a global public health issue that results in many health complications or comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and fatty liver. Pharmacotherapy alone or combined with either lifestyle alteration or surgery represents the main modality to combat obesity and its complications. However, most anti-obesity drugs are limited by their bioavailability, target specificity, and potential toxic effects. Only a handful of drugs, including orlistat, liraglutide, and semaglutide, are currently approved for clinical obesity treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need for alternative treatment strategies. Based on the new revelation of the pathogenesis of obesity and the efforts toward the multi-disciplinary integration of materials, chemistry, biotechnology, and pharmacy, some emerging obesity treatment strategies are gradually entering the field of preclinical and clinical research. Herein, by analyzing the current situation and challenges of various new obesity treatment strategies such as small-molecule drugs, natural drugs, and biotechnology drugs, the advanced functions and prospects of biomaterials in obesity-targeted delivery, as well as their biological activities and applications in obesity treatment, are systematically summarized. Finally, based on the systematic analysis of biomaterial-based obesity therapeutic strategies, the future prospects and challenges in this field are proposed.

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Section: Biomaterial-assisted Anti-obesity Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biomaterial-assisted Anti-obesity Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Comorbidities

Duan

Liu

et al. 2022

Pharmaceutics

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“…In fact, the in-vivo efficiency of naked microRNAs, both in terms of distribution, stability and therapeutic index, is low. Thus, to increase their molecular stability, microRNAs should be encapsulated to obtain benefits in terms of both therapeutic efficacy and systemic side effects reduction 9 . In the last years, a number of innovative nanotechnological methods have been implemented and some are currently under development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, decreased expression of miR-130a, miR-130b and miR-193 along with increased expression of miR-221 have been reported in adipose tissue from obese subjects, compared to lean subjects. Other studies have investigated the role of miR-33 reporting increased expression that leads to lower plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and impaired reverse cholesterol efflux, thus promoting atherosclerotic plaque build-up and associating miR-33 to metabolic syndrome 9 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA loaded edible nanoparticles: an emerging personalized therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders

Campolo¹,

Catanzaro²,

Venneri³

et al. 2022

Theranostics

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Obesity is a metabolic chronic disease whose prevalence is strongly growing in the last years, reaching pandemic proportions. Nowadays weight loss, achieved through lifestyle changes, is the first line therapeutic objective, although great inter-individual variabilities influence response to treatment, suggesting the involvement of epigenetic factors. In this contest, there is increasing recognition of the role of small RNA molecules, particularly microRNAs in the epigenetic regulation of genes involved in adipose tissue and glucose metabolism and several microRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in obesity and metabolic diseases. The development of novel personalized therapeutic strategies using microRNAs bears promise. However, the application of naked microRNAs has been hampered by their low specificity and sensitivity. In a recent issue of Theranostics , Kumar et al. explored the possibility of microRNA delivery through ginger-derived nanoparticles (GDNPs) as an alternative therapeutic approach for obesity treatment. The results reported by Kumar et al., addressing non-coding RNAs and edible plant derived nanoparticles, open new perspectives for the application of this innovative and safe delivery system in the clinical practice for the treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders.

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“…Nanoparticles are frequently used as a tool for drug delivery in nanomedicine and are categorised into several diff erent groups such as polymers, inorganic nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles, depending on their physicochemical properties [15]. Despite the growing application and patronage of nanotechnology, nanosilver particles have been shown to accumulate mainly in the liver, kidney, lung and spleen and can also diff use through cell membranes easily and cause severe adverse eff ects on human health [16,17]. Available literature has shown that Silver-Nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) exposure causes toxicity in some fi sh species and other aquatic animals [18].…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nanosilver Hemocompatibility in Prehypertensive Salt-Induced Animal Model

Uche¹,

Ohiambe²,

Amechina³

2021

J Biomed Res Environ Sci

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Aim: There are Conflicting reports on safety profile of nanoparticles on biological cells. This study evaluated the impact of nanosilver on hemocompatibility on salt-loaded rats. Materials and Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats [(inbred) (120-140 g)] randomly divided into of 4 groups, (n = 6) were studied. Group 1(control) received normal rat chow and tap water, Group 2 received rat chow containing 8% NaCl [(salt-loaded rats (SLRs)]. Group 3 received rat chow + Nanosilver Solution (NS) 0.18 mL 10 ppm/kg/day. Group 4 comprised SLRs + NS. After 6 weeks oral gavage treatments, measurements of Blood pressure (Bp) and Heart Rate (HR) were by pressure transducer via cannulation of left common carotid artery following anaesthesia with urethane. HR was computed by the number of arterial pulse per 60 seconds. 5 ml of blood for WBC, PLATELETS, RBC, PCV, HB, MCH, MCHC and MCV analyses using automated haematology analyser and Osmotic fragility reactivity with standard spectrophotometer at 540 nm wavelength. Results: Exposure of nanosilver to normotensive rats resulted in significantly lower RBC level compared with control, whereas RBC level in Salt-Loaded Co-Treated Nanosilver (SCNS) was comparable with the SLRs. The tenet was the same for HB, PCV, MCH and MCHC. Nanosilver induced leukopenia in normotensive compared with control and prevented WBC elevation in SCNS. Platelets significantly increased in Nanosilver-Treated Normotensive Rats (NTNRs) compared with control and decreased in SCNS. Osmotic burst resistance increased in NTNRs and decreased in cells from treated groups. Conclusion: Chronic exposure of nanosilver to salt loaded rats alters haematological parameters which may worsen circulatory function and activate risk factors of cardiovascular disorders.

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Promises of Nanotherapeutics in Obesity

Cited by 23 publications

References 112 publications

Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Comorbidities

Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Comorbidities

MicroRNA loaded edible nanoparticles: an emerging personalized therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity and metabolic disorders

Assessment of Nanosilver Hemocompatibility in Prehypertensive Salt-Induced Animal Model

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