Promising directions in the selection of peach, apricot and nectarine

Abstract

The collection of stone fruit crops (peach, apricot and nectarine) was analyzed in accordance with their belonging to certain ecological-geographical groups and ecotypes. The most valuable characteristics were determined, sources of economically valuable properties were identified, and included in crossbreeding combinations for intraspecific and interspecific hybridization. Methods of radiation and chemical mutagenesis were used in the selection of peach and apricot. New genotypes with different levels of susceptibility to common diseases have been created. As a result of breeding, new varieties of stone fruit crops selected by NBG were introduced into the Register of Plant Varieties of the Russian Federation: 28 peaches, 3 nectarines, 15 apricots.

Phenotypic diversity of apricot cultivars derived from of Shalakh variety

“…This culture is most promising in the South of Russia, Crimea and the Caucasus [7]. In Dagestan, apricot is cultivated in the inland part along the valleys of the rivers Avarskoe Koisu, Andijskoe Koisu, Kazikumukhskoe Koisu and Kara-Koisu [8,9].…”