Promising industrial energy crop, Cynara cardunculus: a potential source for biomass production and alternative energy

Piscioneri, I.; Sharma, Nitesh Kumar; Baviello, Gerardo; Orlandini, Simone

doi:10.1016/s0196-8904(99)00135-1

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…1c), meaning that growers and researchers should aim for practices resulting in a higher number of large heads. In literature, Foti et al (1999), Piscioneri et al (2000), Fernández et al (2005), Fernández et al (2007) and Gominho et al (2009) reported HI head from 0.18 to 0.40 g g À1 , which fits within our range. At unit area-level, the parameters of Eqns (2a) or (2b) are two easily measurable inflorescence traits (HW and HN), which are commonly determined in cynara ecophysiological studies (e.g.…”

Section: Seed Yield In Relation To Inflorescence Traitssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Equation (2b) performed very well for data from Exp 5 (m 5 33 g m À2 ; rRMSE 5 0.07; Fig. 3) and for the published data from Piscioneri et al (2000), Table 2. n, number of individuals per set.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The average heating value of the cynara plant has been estimated at 15-17 MJ kg À1 (Piscioneri et al, 2000;Fernández et al, 2006;Grammelis et al, 2008;Angelini et al, 2009). This energy content depends on the fraction of each plant component and its chemical composition and especially on the proportion of the oil rich seeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obviously detailed quantification of these seed-related fractions is essential in view of using the crop in the bioenergy sector. C. cardunculus seed oil concentration ranges from 18.6% to 32.4% across different environments (Piscioneri et al, 2000;Curt et al, 2002). Regarding seed yield and seed/biomass ratio current information is rather scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflorescence characteristics, seed composition, and allometric relationships predicting seed yields in the biomass crop Cynara cardunculus

Archontoulis

Struik²,

Yin³

et al. 2010

GCB Bioenergy

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Cynara (Cynara cardunculus) is a perennial C 3 herb that has its potential as bioenergy crop. This paper aims (a) to derive empirical relationships to predict cynara seed yield per head and per unit area, avoiding laborious extraction of seeds from the complex structure of its inflorescences; (b) to determine the head-weight distribution per unit area, the seed composition and the oil profile of cynara seeds; and (c) to estimate the range of cynara biomass, seed and oil yield in representative parts of Greece. We analyzed 16 field experiments, varying in crop age and environmental conditions in Greece. Seed yield per head (SY head ) can be accurately predicted as a linear function of dry head weight (H w ): SY head 5 0.429 . H w À2.9 (r 2 5 0.96; n 5 617). Based on this relationship, we developed a simple two-parameter equation to predict seed yield per unit area (SY): SY 5 HN . (0.429 . lÀ2.9), where l is the mean head weight (g head À1) and HN is the total number of heads per unit area, respectively. The models were tested against current and published data (n 5 180 for head-level; n 5 35 for unit area-level models), and proved to be valid under diverse management and environmental conditions. Attainable cynara seed yields ranged from 190 to 480 g m À2 yr À1, on dry soils and on aquic soils (shallow ground water level). This variation in seed yield was sufficiently explained by the analyses of head-weight distribution per unit area (small, medium and large heads) and variability of seed/head weight ratio at head level. Seed oil concentration (average: 23%) and crude protein concentration (average: 18.7%) were rather invariant across different seed sizes (range: 26-56 mg seed À1 ) and growing environments.

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Section: Seed Yield In Relation To Inflorescence Traitssupporting

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inflorescence characteristics, seed composition, and allometric relationships predicting seed yields in the biomass crop Cynara cardunculus

Archontoulis

Struik²,

Yin³

et al. 2010

GCB Bioenergy

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“…The theoretical caloric value is from 16,500 to 17,028 kJ kg -1 of dry matter (Piscioneri et al, 2000;Encinar et al, 2002aEncinar et al, , 2000b. It can also be uses for paper pulp (Antunes et al, 2002;Gominho et al, 2001) or pellet for domestic heating (Gonzalez et al, 2004a;Toscano et al, 2016) or raw material for bioethanol production or co-digestion for methane production (Kalamaras et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yields and quality of biomasses and grain in Cynara cardunculus L. grown in southern Italy, as affected by genotype and environmental conditions

et al. 2017

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Cardoon is a crop well adapted to Mediterranean climatic conditions that is able to grow also in marginal lands thus reducing competition for land with food crops. It is considered a key crop for bio-refinery since it allows producing different interesting molecules for industrial application. From stems it is possible to obtain large amounts of cellulose, grains are a good source of oil and proteins and roots can be a source of inulin. The aim of this research has been to evaluate the productive levels of different genotypes of cardoon in two different climatic conditions of Mediterranean cropland (a site in the Vesuvius plain and a site in the internal hilly cropland). In both the sites, during 3 years (from 2012-2013 to 2014-2015), three genotypes (Altilis, Gigante e Trinaseed) were cultivated with 2 planting densities (4 and 8 plants per m 2 ). A low input cropping system was adopted (no irrigation and 150 kg ha -1 of N supplied as ammonium nitrate). In flat site (NA-Ac.), lignocellulosic biomass yield was 19 t ha -1 d.m. and grain yield 2.7 t ha -1 on the average of the 3 years period. In the hilly site, biomass yield was similar (20 t ha -1 d.m.) while grain yield was higher (3.9 t ha -1 on the average) as compared to the flat site. As regards biomass composition, an increase of hemicellulose and a decrease of cellulose content were measured in the flat site, maybe as a response of plant to the higher drought stress.

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Cardoon as a Sustainable Crop for Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Production

Barracosa

Pires

2019

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Cardoon is a multi-purpose and versatile Mediterranean crop, adapted to climate change, with a wide spectrum of potential applications due its added value as a rich source of fibers, oils and bioactive compounds. The Cynara species are a component of the Mediterranean diet and have been used as food and medicine since ancient times. The important role of cardoon in human nutrition, as a functional food, is due to its high content of nutraceutical and bioactive compounds such as oligofructose inulin, caffeoylquinic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, sesquiterpenes lactones, triterpenes, fatty acids and aspartic proteases. The present review highlights the characteristics and functions of cardoon biomass which permits the development of innovative products in food and nutrition, pharmaceutics and cosmetics, plant protection and biocides, oils and energy, lignocellulose materials, and healthcare industries following the actual trends of a circular economy.

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Promising industrial energy crop, Cynara cardunculus: a potential source for biomass production and alternative energy

Cited by 63 publications

References 0 publications

Inflorescence characteristics, seed composition, and allometric relationships predicting seed yields in the biomass crop Cynara cardunculus

Inflorescence characteristics, seed composition, and allometric relationships predicting seed yields in the biomass crop Cynara cardunculus

Yields and quality of biomasses and grain in Cynara cardunculus L. grown in southern Italy, as affected by genotype and environmental conditions

Cardoon as a Sustainable Crop for Biomass and Bioactive Compounds Production

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