Promising kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors for developing sour gas reservoirs

Environmentally Friendly Antiagglomerants: A Promising Solution for Gas Hydrate Plugging and Corrosion Risk Management in Oil and Gas Pipelines

“…Over the past several decades, gas hydrate inhibitors, which are chemical compounds preventing hydrate formation and agglomeration, have attracted a great deal of attention as an effective strategy for hydrate control in oil and gas production pipelines. 7,8 Thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs), such as methanol and glycols, are wellknown additives to completely inhibit gas hydrate formation. The mechanism action of THIs increases the pressure required to form gas hydrate at a certain temperature or decreases the temperature at a given pressure.…”

“…The production and transportation of hydrocarbon fluids faces serious flow assurance challenges, such as gas hydrate formation and corrosion. , Gas hydrates as ice-like solid compounds are formed wherever water and light gases (methane, ethane, and carbon dioxide) come into contact under high pressure and low temperature. − Gas hydrates can easily block offshore oil and gas pipelines if they are not effectively prevented. Over the past several decades, gas hydrate inhibitors, which are chemical compounds preventing hydrate formation and agglomeration, have attracted a great deal of attention as an effective strategy for hydrate control in oil and gas production pipelines. , Thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors (THIs), such as methanol and glycols, are well-known additives to completely inhibit gas hydrate formation. The mechanism action of THIs increases the pressure required to form gas hydrate at a certain temperature or decreases the temperature at a given pressure .…”

Highly Biodegradable Corrosion Inhibitors Derived from Sunflower Oil for Mild Steel Corrosion in CO2- and H2S-Saturated Oilfield-Produced Water

“…Sour gas plays a significant but complex role in meeting the world’s energy demand. , Working in sour fields presents a range of challenges and risks, including the toxicity of sour gases, the formation of hydrates, and equipment corrosion. , These issues have historically impeded the utilization of such resources. Sour gas is characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), a highly toxic and flammable gas, posing significant health and safety hazards to humans. , It requires special handling and processing to ensure the safety of workers and the surrounding environment. , In addition to H 2 S, sour gas reservoirs may contain elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), affecting the quality of the natural gas, demanding separation and removal during processing. ,, Sour gas has a greater propensity for forming gas hydrates when compared to sweet gas under the same thermodynamic conditions . Among the various types of gas hydrate formers, hydrates containing H 2 S are formed at relatively lower pressures and remain stable at higher temperatures .…”

“…Sour gas is characterized by the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), a highly toxic and flammable gas, posing significant health and safety hazards to humans. , It requires special handling and processing to ensure the safety of workers and the surrounding environment. , In addition to H 2 S, sour gas reservoirs may contain elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), affecting the quality of the natural gas, demanding separation and removal during processing. ,, Sour gas has a greater propensity for forming gas hydrates when compared to sweet gas under the same thermodynamic conditions . Among the various types of gas hydrate formers, hydrates containing H 2 S are formed at relatively lower pressures and remain stable at higher temperatures . Gas hydrate formation can pose significant challenges to the safety of gas transportation facilities, potentially causing disruptions in operations and leading to significant financial consequences. − …”