Promising therapeutic approaches for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

Ni, Beiwen; Hou, Jian

doi:10.1080/16078454.2022.2045724

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…However, introducing innovative MM treatment, better diagnostics, and improved medical care make the expected OS of patients diagnosed today almost impossible to assess. The newest developments in antibody-drug conjugates, bi-specific antibodies, or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) cell therapies change the prognosis entirely, even for patients with relapsed and refractory MM (RRMM) ( 13 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in multiple myeloma: the prognostic value of pre-treatment serum cytokine levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor

Mielnik,

Podgajna-Mielnik,

Szudy-Szczyrek

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionMultiple Myeloma (MM), a prevalent hematological malignancy, poses significant treatment challenges due to varied patient responses and toxicities to chemotherapy. This study investigates the predictive value of pretreatment serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for chemotherapy-induced toxicities in newly diagnosed MM patients. We hypothesized that these cytokines, pivotal in the tumor microenvironment, might correlate with the incidence and severity of treatment-related adverse events.MethodsWe conducted a prospective observational study with 81 newly diagnosed MM patients, analyzing serum cytokine levels using the multiplex cytometric bead assay (CBA) flow cytometry method. The study used non-parametric and multivariate analysis to compare cytokine levels with treatment-induced toxicities, including lymphopenia, infections, polyneuropathy, and neutropenia.ResultsOur findings revealed significant associations between cytokine levels and specific toxicities. IL-8 levels were lower in patients with lymphopenia (p=0.0454) and higher in patients with infections (p=0.0009) or polyneuropathy (p=0.0333). VEGF concentrations were notably lower in patients with neutropenia (p=0.0343). IL-8 demonstrated an 81% sensitivity (AUC=0.69; p=0.0015) in identifying infection risk. IL-8 was an independent predictor of lymphopenia (Odds Ratio [OR]=0.26; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=0.07-0.78; p=0.0167) and infection (OR=4.76; 95% CI=0.07-0.62; p=0.0049). High VEGF levels correlated with a 4-fold increased risk of anemia (OR=4.13; p=0.0414).ConclusionsPre-treatment concentrations of IL-8 and VEGF in serum can predict hematological complications, infections, and polyneuropathy in patients with newly diagnosed MM undergoing chemotherapy. They may serve as simple yet effective biomarkers for detecting infections, lymphopenia, neutropenia, and treatment-related polyneuropathy, aiding in the personalization of chemotherapy regimens and the mitigation of treatment-related risks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in multiple myeloma: the prognostic value of pre-treatment serum cytokine levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor

Mielnik,

Podgajna-Mielnik,

Szudy-Szczyrek

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells in bone marrow [1]. New therapeutic measures have greatly improved the survival of patients, but the survival heterogeneity of MM patients is large, and accurate evaluation of patients' prognosis is an important issue in the diagnosis and treatment of MM [2,3]. Staging system based on biochemical markers and cytogenetic abnormalities is a common prognostic indicator of MM, but the physical condition of MM patients also plays an important role in the prognosis [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Barthel index score is a poor prognostic factor for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients

et al. 2023

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Background: The basic activities of daily life may affect the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients and the Barthel index (BI) is currently the most widely used tool to evaluate basic activities of daily life, but few studies have evaluated its prognostic value in MM. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled patients with newly diagnosed MM and analyzed the association between the BI and the survival of newly diagnosed MM patients.Results: We totally analyzed 538 patients and found that median overall survival (OS) and progressionfree survival (PFS) were signi cantly shorter in the low BI (≤85) group compared with the high BI (>85) group. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the low BI was associated with shorter OS and PFS. It was also con rmed that the low BI was poor prognostic factor for OS and PFS in multivariable analyses. In the propensity score matching analysis, patients with low BI also had shorter OS and PFS.Conclusion: Our study suggested that the low BI was a poor prognostic factor for patients with newly diagnosed MM.

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