Promoter polymorphism (−786t>C) in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene is associated with risk of sporadic breast cancer in non‐Hispanic white women age younger than 55 years

Abstract

In the present work, the NMR properties of perfluorooctylbromide are revisited to derive a high‐sensitivity fluorine MRI strategy. It is shown that the harmful effects of J‐coupling can be eliminated by carefully choosing the bandwidth of the 180° pulses in a spin‐echo sequence. The T2 of the CF3 resonance of the molecule is measured using a multispin‐echo sequence and shown to dramatically depend on the interpulse delay. Following these observations, an optimized multispin‐echo imaging sequence is derived and compared with short TE/pulse repetition time gradient echo and chemical shift imaging sequences. The unparalleled sensitivity yielded by the multispin‐echo sequence is promising for future applications, in particular for targeted contrast agents such as perfluorooctylbromide nanoparticles. Magn Reson Med 63:1119–1124, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Polymorphisms of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in breast cancer: a genetic association study and meta-analysis

“…Nine articles were considered to be potentially eligible after the article review. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] In one article, 7 the subjects overlapped with the subjects of the more recent and larger study by Li et al, 8 which was eventually included in the meta-analysis. In another article, 15 the data were not extractable.…”

“…In another article, 15 the data were not extractable. Seven articles [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] that investigated the association between any of the G894T, 4b/a and T786C polymorphisms and BC met the inclusion criteria. Genotypic information on NOS3 variants was not available (in publication tables or online appendices) from the eight GWAS conducted to date.…”

“…The articles were reviewed and data were extracted by two investigators (EZ and GK); disagreements were resolved after a discussion between the authors. Eight studies dealt with G894T (Zintzaras), [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] three with 4b/a (Zintzaras) 10,11 and three with T786C. 9,10,12 The studies that investigated 4b/a or T786C had also investigated G894T.…”

“…Among the tested variants of the NOS3 gene, a non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism (G894T substitution in exon 7-rs1799983) and a variable number of tandem repeats in intron 4 (4b/a) have been commonly tested in association with BC, on the basis of their potential functional effects 6 and their relatively high minor allele frequency in various ethnic groups. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Candidate-gene studies have nevertheless a poor replication record, which has necessitated the use of stringent validation criteria. Inconsistent results have been also reported by previous studies on the NOS3 and BC association.…”

“…Inconsistent results have been also reported by previous studies on the NOS3 and BC association. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Furthermore, agnostic evidence generated by eight genome-wide association studies (GWASs) has not shown any role for NOS3 region variants. 16 Consequently, the status of associations for variants from candidate-gene studies remains equivocal.…”