Promoter regions of many neural- and nutrition-related genes have experienced positive selection during human evolution

Haygood, Ralph; Fédrigo, Olivier; Hanson, Brian; Yokoyama, Ken-Daigoro; Wray, Gregory

doi:10.1038/npre.2007.69

Cited by 33 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This discrepancy is in line with the low correlation in P-values found between the finite island and the hierarchical island model (Table 3), and suggests that our approach can also detect new genes under selection. Among the biological processes in which our 14 outlier genes are involved, we only find an enrichment for neuronal activities (P ¼ 0.05 after Bonferroni correction), a category that was already shown to be enriched among selected genes in previous studies (see for example, Wang et al, 2006;Haygood et al, 2007).…”

Section: Genes Under Selection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 95%

Detecting loci under selection in a hierarchically structured population

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patterns of genetic diversity between populations are often used to detect loci under selection in genome scans. Indeed, loci involved in local adaptations should show high F ST values, whereas loci under balancing selection should rather show low F ST values. Most tests of selection based on F ST use a null distribution generated under a simple island model of population differentiation. Although this model has been shown to be robust, many species have a more complex genetic structure, with some populations sharing a recent ancestry or due to the presence of barriers to gene flow between different parts of a species range. In this paper, we propose the use of a hierarchical island model, in which demes exchange more migrants within groups than between groups, to generate the joint distribution of genetic diversity within and between populations. We show that tests not accounting for a hierarchical structure, when it exists, do generate a large excess of false positive loci, whereas the hierarchical island model is robust to uncertainties about the exact number of groups and demes per group in the system. Our approach also explicitly takes into account the mutational process, and does not just rely on allele frequencies, which is important for short tandem repeat (STR) data. An application to human and stickleback STR data sets reveals a much lower number of significant loci than previously obtained under a non-hierarchical model. The elimination of false positive loci from genome scans should allow us to better determine on which specific class of genes selection is operating.

show abstract

Section: Genes Under Selection In Humansmentioning

confidence: 95%

Detecting loci under selection in a hierarchically structured population

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, phylogenetically independent increases in anthropoid neocortex size are positively correlated with increases in amino acid substitution in the ASPM gene in a broad array of primates (110). Differences in gene expression or enzyme function in ASPM remain to be demonstrated directly among species examined (111), but the ASPM work highlights the need to extend comparisons beyond simply those within humans or between humans and chimpanzees (112).…”

Section: Adaptations In Anthropoideamentioning

confidence: 99%

New perspectives on anthropoid origins

Williams

Kay

Kirk

2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

117

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adaptive shifts associated with human origins are brought to light as we examine the human fossil record and study our own genome and that of our closest ape relatives. However, the more ancient roots of many human characteristics are revealed through the study of a broader array of living anthropoids and the increasingly dense fossil record of the earliest anthropoid radiations. Genomic data and fossils of early primates in Asia and Africa clarify relationships among the major clades of primates. Progress in comparative anatomy, genomics, and molecular biology point to key changes in sensory ecology and brain organization that ultimately set the stage for the emergence of the human lineage.primate | Haplorhini | Strepsirrhini | human evolution | phylogeny

show abstract

“…También lo es que los cambios más significativos experimentados en nuestro linaje evolutivo por los mecanismos reguladores del desarrollo cerebral parecen haber afectado fundamentalmente al transcriptoma y no tanto al genoma (y consecuentemente, al proteoma) (Enard et al 2002b;Khaitovich et al 2006;Sikela 2006;Vallender et al 2008;Varki et al 2008). En concreto, se ha detectado un elevado número de señales de selección positiva en secuencias no codificadoras relacionadas con el desarrollo y la función del cerebro (Prabhakar et al 2006;Haygood et al 2007). Los análisis de ontología génica de Green et al ponen de manifiesto, en particular, que algunos de los genes que han experimentado cambios en sus regiones 3' no traducidas tras nuestra separación de los neandertales están implicados en la morfogénesis de las dendritas (Green et al 2010: 75 (Green et al 2010: 715, el énfasis es nuestro).…”

Section: Sobre La Posible Introgresión De Adn De Los Ham No Africanosunclassified

¿Es el lenguaje (complejo) el resultado de una transferencia genética entre neandertales y humanos modernos?

Benítez‐Burraco¹

2012

Trab. prehist.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMENLa reciente constatación de ADN neandertal en determinadas poblaciones humanas modernas sugiere un cruce limitado entre ambas especies. Esta transferencia genética pudo haber afectado a las capacidades cognitivas de los neandertales y justificar, en particular, que hubiesen tenido lenguaje moderno. Tal posibilidad se examina a la luz de las propias evidencias genéticas, pero también de las de tipo paleoantropológico y arqueológico utilizadas habitualmente para tratar de inferir la presencia de lenguaje en otras especies de homínidos. En conjunto, dichas evidencias parecen sugerir que el lenguaje complejo habría sido una adquisición exclusiva de los humanos modernos. Ello es compatible, no obstante, con una continuidad evolutiva de los diversos mecanismos bioló-gicos y cognitivos implicados en el procesamiento lingüístico y en último término, con la presencia de algún tipo de lenguaje, computacionalmente más simple, en los neandertales. ABSTRACT

show abstract

Promoter regions of many neural- and nutrition-related genes have experienced positive selection during human evolution

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Detecting loci under selection in a hierarchically structured population

Detecting loci under selection in a hierarchically structured population

New perspectives on anthropoid origins

¿Es el lenguaje (complejo) el resultado de una transferencia genética entre neandertales y humanos modernos?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About