Promoting Air Stability of Li Anode via an Artificial Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Layer for Dendrite‐Free Lithium Batteries

Abstract

Lithium metal is a promising candidate for the high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the high instability of Li against air and dendrite growth during cycling are the key challenges hindering the commercial application of the Li metal battery (LMB). In this study, an organic/inorganic hybrid artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is introduced on Li surface via dipping Li into 0.1 m zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate solution for 1 min. The key components that endow stability to Li in air for 4 h are analyzed via theoretical calculations. The results confirm that LiF and Zn absorbed with CF3 organic groups can reduce the absorption energy of O2, H2O, and CO2 on Li, thereby limiting the reaction of Li with ambient air. The Li anode with an organic/inorganic hybrid SEI cycles over 600 h at 0.5 mA cm−2 in symmetric cell and 500 cycles in a Li||LiFePO4 full cell, after exposure to ambient air for 4 h. Moreover, the organic/inorganic SEI can facilitate the Li+ transformation and suppress the growth of Li dendrites. The designed air‐stable and dendrite‐free Li metal anodes are promising for practical applications of LMBs.

Advancing anode-less lithium metal batteries: ZnF2 modification and in situ structural regulation for enhanced performance

“…While the oxidation layer of the Li metal surface is composed of fragile Li 2 O and LiOH, which are unable to resist corrosion by H 2 O and O 2 , the ZnO and LiF components on the LiF@LiZn10/Li can protect the underlying Li from continuous oxidation. 38–40 As a result, the air stability of LiF@LiZn10/Li is significantly improved. Fig.…”

“Three in one” 3D mixed skeleton design enables dendrite-free Li metal batteries

“…To date, various approaches, including designing a 3D host, [19][20][21] introducing lithiophilic sites, [22][23][24][25] and building an artificial interface layer, [26][27][28][29] have been developed to address the previous issues for improving the cycling stability of the LMBs. The design of the 3D lithiophilic host shows great promise as an effective approach to inhibit the formation of Li dendrites and to mitigating the volume fluctuations upon the cycling processes by providing abundant nucleation sites and enough space.…”

A functional silicon composite polymer electrolyte with hydrofluoric acid scavenging for quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries

“…Thus, the integrity of the SEI is destroyed and its internal resistance to lithium-ion transport increases, resulting in a poor battery cycle. 16–18 Besides, HF aggravates the transition metal ion dissolution and leads to the structural collapse of the cathode. 10,19,20 Meanwhile, the transition metal species would deposit on the anode surface and degrade the SEI.…”