Promoting Species Establishment in a<i>Phragmites</i>-Dominated Great Lakes Coastal Wetland

Carlson, Martha L.; Kowalski, Kurt P.; Wilcox, Douglas A.

doi:10.3375/043.029.0306

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…c Indicates that study reported herbicide in mass of dry active ingredient, these values were converted to % solution based on the standard concentration of 58.3 % active ingredient in commercial herbicide blends (URS 2005). d Combination of results from multiple studies.StudyLocationResponse variables a MethodDuration (years)Herbicide concentration b Ailstock et al (2001)MDSB, SCHerbicide, mow, burn4G: 1.5 %Back et al (2012)OHPA, AG, IVHerbicide1G: 30 %I: 5 %Back and Holomuzki (2008)OHPAHerbicide7G: 30 %I: 5 %Brundage (2010)MDFVGrazing (goats)1NACarlson et al (2009)Great LakesSB, SC, NUHerbicide, cutting2G: NRDerr (2008 a , 12–16)NJPAHerbicide, mow1*G: 1.75 %Derr (2008 b , 153–157)NJPAHerbicide1G: 3 %I: 1 %Farnsworth and Meyerson (1999)CTSCHerbicide, mow3G: 1 %Fell et al (2003)CTFV, NK, IVHerbicide, mow1G: 1.25 %…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phragmites australis management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes

et al. 2014

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We reviewed all available studies on Phragmites australis management in the United States. Our results show that there is a heavy emphasis on herbicides to manage Phragmites, relative to other methods, and a lack of information on what types of plant communities establish once Phragmites is removed. Our model of Phragmites establishment and reproduction describes the invasion as a symptom of watershed-scale land use and disturbance. We advocate more holistic approaches to control and management that focus on improving water quality and minimizing human disturbance to deter future invasion and improve resilience of native plant communities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phragmites australis management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes

et al. 2014

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“…Even slight increases in plant diversity can increase macrobenthic diversity (Whyte et al 2009), so the curbing of reed expansion and dominance appears critical to maintaining overall system health. Short-term control of reed expansion can be accomplished by herbicide (glyphosates) application and/or cutting (Carlson et al 2009), both of which have no discernable detrimental effect on macrobenthic communities (Warren et al 2001;Kulesza et al 2008). However, the macrophyte diversity-faunal diversity relationship in these freshwater coastal marshes remains unclear, particularly when considering the high macroinvertebrate H 0 -diversity in Phragmites-dominated Mentor Marsh.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive reed effects on benthic community structure in Lake Erie coastal marshes

Holomuzki

Klarer

2009

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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We examined how dominance (% canopy cover) and invasion history of common reed, Phragmites australis, affected benthic macroinvertebrate diversity and density in 8 marshes along Lake Erie's southern shoreline. We also compared macroinvertebrate densities among patches (0.25 m 2 ) of reed, cattail (Typha spp.), and native flora (e.g., Sagittaria, Sparganium) and epiphytic algal communities on submerged stems of reed and cattail. Narrow-leaf cattail (T. angustifolia) is also a common invasive plant to these wetlands, but does not greatly change plant community composition or ecosystem conditions like reed. Macroinvertebrate diversity (Shannon-Weaver H 0 ) was positively related to reed cover and was highest (4.6) in two marshes with *35-and 5-year invasion histories. Shading from high reed cover increased H 0 -diversity, in part, by reducing the abundance of floating duckweed, which harbored many Hyalella azteca amphipods. Percent Ephemeroptera, Odonata, and Trichoptera was low to moderate across marshes, regardless of reed cover and invasion history. Macroinvertebrate density was not affected by reed cover or average plant stem density, and did not differ among plant types. However, epiphyton densities and % diatoms were greater on reed than on cattail, suggesting reed provides a better feeding habitat for microalgal grazers than Typha. Abundance rankings of common species in these diatom-dominated communities were also typically dissimilar between these plant types. Although % grazers was unrelated to epiphyton densities and % diatoms, grazer identity (snails) differed between natural and diked marshes, which had different microalgal food supplies. Our findings suggest that Phragmites does not necessarily adversely affect macroinvertebrate community structure and diversity and that invasion history alone has little effect on the H 0 -diversity-reed dominance relationship.Keywords Phragmites australis Á Reed cover and invasion history Á Macroinvertebrate diversity and density Á Diatom-dominated epiphyton Á Typha Á Microalgal food supply

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“…Few studies have tested the relevance of biotic resistance to the restoration of wetland communities (Wang et al . ; Carlson, Kowalski & Wilcox ; Peter & Burdick ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant functional group identity and diversity determine biotic resistance to invasion by an exotic grass

2012

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Summary1. Biotic resistance, the ability of species in a community to limit invasion, is central to our understanding of how communities at risk of invasion assemble after disturbances, but it has yet to translate into guiding principles for the restoration of invasion-resistant plant communities. We combined experimental, functional, and modelling approaches to investigate processes of community assembly contributing to biotic resistance to an introduced lineage of Phragmites australis, a model invasive species in North America. We hypothesized that (i) functional group identity would be a good predictor of biotic resistance to P. australis, while species identity effect would be redundant within functional group (ii) mixtures of species would be more invasion resistant than monocultures. 2. We classified 36 resident wetland plants into four functional groups based on eight functional traits. We conducted two competition experiments based on the additive competition design with P. australis and monocultures or mixtures of wetland plants. As an indicator of biotic resistance, we calculated a relative competition index (RCI avg ) based on the average performance of P. australis in competition treatment compared with control. To explain diversity effect further, we partitioned it into selection effect and complementarity effect and tested several diversity-interaction models. 3. In monoculture treatments, RCI avg of wetland plants was significantly different among functional groups, but not within each functional group. We found the highest RCI avg for fast-growing annuals, suggesting priority effect. 4. RCI avg of wetland plants was significantly greater in mixture than in monoculture mainly due to complementarity-diversity effect among functional groups. In diversity-interaction models, species interaction patterns in mixtures were described best by interactions between functional groups when fitted to RCI avg or biomass, implying niche partitioning. 5. Synthesis. Functional group identity and diversity of resident plant communities are good indicators of biotic resistance to invasion by introduced Phragmites australis, suggesting niche preemption (priority effect) and niche partitioning (diversity effect) as underlying mechanisms. Guiding principles to understand and/or manage biological invasion could emerge from advances in community theory and the use of a functional framework. Targeting widely distributed invasive plants in different contexts and scaling up to field situations will facilitate generalization.

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Promoting Species Establishment in aPhragmites-Dominated Great Lakes Coastal Wetland

Cited by 28 publications

References 68 publications

Phragmites australis management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes

Phragmites australis management in the United States: 40 years of methods and outcomes

Invasive reed effects on benthic community structure in Lake Erie coastal marshes

Plant functional group identity and diversity determine biotic resistance to invasion by an exotic grass

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