Promoting Toddlers' Positive Social-Emotional Outcomes in Low-Income Families: A Play-Based Experimental Study

Kochanska, Grazyna; Kim, Sanghag; Boldt, Lea J.; Nordling, Jamie Koenig

doi:10.1080/15374416.2013.782815

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The failure to consider potential moderators often obscures effects of interventions. Indeed, this was the case in the present study: For many constructs, there were no overall group differences attributable to the intervention and, for other constructs, the effects were modest (Kochanska et al, 2013). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Extensive fidelity procedures were deployed (for more information, see Kochanska et al, 2013). All observational data were produced by individuals blind to the mothers’ group assignments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mother-child dyads were randomized into two groups: a Child-Oriented Play group, where mothers were trained in child-oriented play, and an active control Play-as-Usual group, where they were asked to play in the usual manner (for details, see Kochanska, Kim, Boldt, & Nordling, 2013). The key element of child-oriented play is for mothers to allow children to be in charge of the play, be responsive and positive, and to eliminate any behaviors that assume control over the child, especially power assertion, control, criticism, commands, directives, and even teaching or asking questions (McMahon & Forehand, 2003).…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life Satisfaction Moderates the Effectiveness of a Play-Based Parenting Intervention in Low-Income Mothers and Toddlers

Brock

Kochanska

O’Hara

et al. 2015

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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This multi-method multi-trait study examined moderators and mediators of change in the context of a parenting intervention. Low-income, diverse mothers of toddlers (average age 30 months; N=186, 90 girls) participated in a play-based intervention (Child-Oriented Play versus Play-as-Usual) aimed at increasing children's committed compliance and reducing opposition toward their mothers, observed in prohibition contexts, and at reducing mother-rated children's behavior problems 6 months after the intervention. Mothers’ subjective sense of life satisfaction and fulfillment during the intervention and objective ratings of psychosocial functioning by clinicians, obtained in a clinical interview were posed as moderators, and mothers’ observed power-assertive discipline immediately following the intervention was modeled as a mediator of its impact. We tested moderated mediation using structural equation modeling, with all baseline scores (prior to randomization) controlled. Mothers’ subjective sense of life satisfaction moderated the impact of the intervention, but clinicians’ ratings did not. For mothers highly satisfied with their lives, participating in Child-Oriented Play group, compared to Play-as-Usual group, led to a reduction in power-assertive discipline which, in turn, led to children's increased compliance and decreased opposition and externalizing problems. There were no effects for mothers who reported low life satisfaction. The study elucidates the causal sequence set in motion by the intervention, demonstrates the moderating role of mothers’ subjective life satisfaction, highlights limitations of clinicians’ ratings, and informs future prevention and intervention efforts to promote adaptive parenting.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Life Satisfaction Moderates the Effectiveness of a Play-Based Parenting Intervention in Low-Income Mothers and Toddlers

Brock

Kochanska

O’Hara

et al. 2015

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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“…Decades of empirical research have provided overwhelming support for the classic notion that early parent-child relationships exert an exceptional influence on child development. As documented by longitudinal studies spanning infancy to early adulthood (Fraley, Roisman, & Haltigan, 2013; Grossmann, Grossmann, & Waters, 2005; Jaffee, Caspi, Moffitt, Belsky, & Silva, 2001), by meta-analytic reviews (Fearon, Bakermans-Kranenburg, Van IJzendoorn, Lapsley, & Roisman, 2010; Groh, Roisman, Van Ijzendoorn, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & Fearon, 2012; Pallini, Baiocco, Schneider, Madigan, & Atkinson, 2014), and by experimental studies (Guttentag et al, 2014; Kochanska, Kim, Boldt, & Nordling, 2013), the quality of caregiving relationships forecasts child outcomes as diverse as social and emotional adjustment (see Thompson, 2008), moral development (Dunn, Brown, & Maguire, 1995), cognitive functioning (Tamis-LeMonda, Bornstein, & Baumwell, 2001), sleep/wake cycles (Bordeleau, Bernier, & Carrier, 2012), and sympathetic and parasympathetic response (Luijk et al, 2010). Such pervasive effects on socio-emotional, cognitive and biological functioning are often believed to transit through children's neural circuitry (Belsky & de Haan, 2011; Gunnar, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Associations Between the Quality of Mother–Infant Interactions and Brain Development Across Infancy

2016

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The aim of this study was to investigate if normative variations in parenting relate to brain development among typically-developing children. A sample of 352 mother-infant dyads came to the lab when infants were 5, 10, and 24 months of age (final N = 215). At each visit, child resting EEG was recorded. Mother-infant interactions were videotaped at the 5-month visit. The results indicated that higher-quality maternal behavior during mother-infant interactions predicted higher frontal resting EEG power at 10 and 24 months, as well as increases in power between 5 and 10 months, and between 10 and 24 months. These findings provide rare support for the hypothesis that normative variation in parenting quality may contribute to brain development among typically-developing infants.

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“…Compared to children of mothers who played with their children in the usual manner, willing cooperation in toddlers of the mothers who engaged in such play appeared longer lasting (up to the 6-month follow-up, Kochanska et al, 2013b). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

(Positive) power to the child: The role of children's willing stance toward parents in developmental cascades from toddler age to early preadolescence

2015

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In contrast to once dominant views of children as passive in the parent-led process of socialization, they are now seen as active agents who can considerably influence that process. But those newer perspectives typically focus on the child's antagonistic influence, due either to a difficult temperament or aversive, resistant, negative behaviors that elicit adversarial responses from the parent and lead to future coercive cascades in the relationship. Children's capacity to act as receptive, willing, even enthusiastic, active socialization agents is largely overlooked. Informed by attachment theory and other relational perspectives, we depict children as able to adopt an active willing stance and to exert robust positive influence in the mutually cooperative socialization enterprise. A longitudinal study of 100 community families (mothers, fathers, and children) demonstrates that willing stance (a) is a latent construct, observable in diverse parent-child contexts parallel at 38, 52, and 67 months, and longitudinally stable, (b) originates within an early secure parent-child relationship at 25 months, and (c) promotes a positive future cascade toward adaptive outcomes at age 10. The outcomes include the parent's observed and child-reported positive, responsive behavior, as well as child-reported internal obligation to obey the parent and parent-reported low level of child behavior problems. The construct of willing stance has implications for basic research in typical socialization and in developmental psychopathology, and for prevention and intervention.

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Promoting Toddlers' Positive Social-Emotional Outcomes in Low-Income Families: A Play-Based Experimental Study

Cited by 37 publications

References 52 publications

Life Satisfaction Moderates the Effectiveness of a Play-Based Parenting Intervention in Low-Income Mothers and Toddlers

Life Satisfaction Moderates the Effectiveness of a Play-Based Parenting Intervention in Low-Income Mothers and Toddlers

Longitudinal Associations Between the Quality of Mother–Infant Interactions and Brain Development Across Infancy

(Positive) power to the child: The role of children's willing stance toward parents in developmental cascades from toddler age to early preadolescence

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