The photochemistry of
(Me3P)(OC)4OsW(CO)5
(1), a molecule with a dative covalent
metal−metal bond, was investigated. The results indicate that the
photoprocess is heterolytic
cleavage of the metal−metal bond, rather than homolytic cleavage as
is found in compounds
with nondative covalent metal−metal bonds. The principal
evidence for heterolysis comes
from the irradiation (λ > 400 nm) of 1 in benzene in the
presence of PPh3. The major products
were Os(CO)4(PMe3),
Os(CO)3(PMe3)(PPh3),
and W(CO)5(PPh3). These products are
consistent
with a pathway that involves initial heterolysis to form
Os(CO)4(PMe3) and W(CO)5
followed
by trapping of the coordinatively unsaturated W(CO)5
species with PPh3. (Control experiments showed that
Os(CO)3(PMe3)(PPh3)
forms from Os(CO)4(PMe3) and
PPh3 under the
reaction conditions.) Primary photoprocesses involving either
M−CO bond dissociation or
Os−W bond homolysis are incompatible with the results of other
experiments. For example,
when the irradiation of 1 was carried out under CO, the
quantum yield for disappearance
of 1 increased to 0.28 ± 0.05 from its value of 0.13 ±
0.01 under N2, a result inconsistent
with M−CO dissociation as the primary photoprocess. Likewise,
control experiments showed
that [W(CO)5
•-] was readily
trapped under the reaction conditions, but all attempts to
trap
[W(CO)5
•-] (one of the
expected homolytic primary photoproducts) with the
metal−radical
traps benzyl chloride, CCl4, or TMIO
(1,1,3,3-tetramethylisoindoline-2-oxyl) during the
photolysis of 1 were fruitless. Compound 1
reacted photochemically with CCl4 to form
fac-Os(CO)3(PMe3)Cl2
(
fac
-2) and W(CO)6. The
fac-Os(CO)3(PMe3)Cl2
product is likely formed
by a secondary photolysis of
Os(CO)4(PMe3). Control
experiments showed that irradiation
of Os(CO)4(PMe3) in CCl4
initially formed a compound believed to be
Os(CO)3(PMe3)(CCl3)Cl, which in the presence of W(CO)5 then reacted to form
fac-Os(CO)3(PMe3)Cl2.
Small
amounts of W(CO)6 (8%) were also produced in the
photochemical reaction of 1 with
PPh3.
An experiment in a more viscous solvent system indicated that
W(CO)6 is not formed in a
CO abstraction reaction involving the
[(Me3P)(OC)4Os, W(CO)5]
solvent cage pair. The
formation of W(CO)6 is attributed to a second (minor)
heterolytic pathway involving an
intermediate with a bridging CO that directly yields W(CO)6
and Os(CO)3(PMe3).