Promotion of Steam Reforming Catalysts

Alstrup, I.; Clausen, Bjerne S.; Olsen, Charles; Smits, R.H.H.; Rostrup-Nielsen, J.R.

doi:10.1016/s0167-2991(98)80402-3

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Significant effort continues to examine alternative reactor conditions [114,115], catalysts [116,117], and membrane reactor designs [118], as well as H 2 sources [103,104], so variations to H 2 −separating conditions and, therefore, to membrane material performance requirements, are likely to continue into the future [108].…”

Section: Application Regimes Of Proton Conductors For H 2 Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of proton conductors for hydrogen separation

Phair

Badwal

2006

Ionics

223

132

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There is a global push to develop a range of hydrogen technologies for timely adoption of the hydrogen economy. This is critical in view of the depleting oil reserves and looming transport fuel shortage, global warming, and increasing pollution. Molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) can be generated by a number of renewable and fossil-fuel-based resources. However, given the high cost of H 2 generation by renewable energy at this stage, fossil or carbon fuels are likely to meet the short-to medium-term demand for hydrogen. In view of this, effective technologies are required for the separation of H 2 from a gas feed (by-products of coal or bio-mass gasification plants, or gases from fossil fuel partial oxidation or reforming) consisting mainly of H 2 and CO 2 with small quantities of other gases such as CH 4 , CO, H 2 O, and traces of sulphur compounds. Several technologies are under development for hydrogen separation. One such technology is based on ion transport membranes, which conduct protons or both protons and electrons. Although these materials have been considered for other applications, such as gas sensors, fuel cells and water electrolysis, the interest in their use as gas separation membranes has developed only recently. In this paper, various classes of proton-conducting materials have been reviewed with specific emphasis on their potential use as H 2 separation membranes in the industrial processes of coal gasification, natural gas reforming, methanol reforming and the watergas shift (WGS) reaction. Key material requirements for their use in these applications have been discussed.

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Section: Application Regimes Of Proton Conductors For H 2 Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of proton conductors for hydrogen separation

Phair

Badwal

2006

Ionics

223

132

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“…Thus, under hydrocarbon steam reforming reaction conditions, Ni catalyst surface may have an important coverage of OH radicals and O atoms, instead of water molecules. Moreover, the investigation of steam adsorption mechanism on various supported Ni-based catalyst, has shown that magnesia support is active for steam dissociation and that its spillover probably involves OH species instead of molecular water [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and experimental study of methane steam reforming reactions over nickel catalyst

Pistonesi

Juan

Irigoyen

et al. 2007

Applied Surface Science

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“…The volumes of synthesis gases were estimated by the equilibrium calculation of steam reforming and water-gas shift reactions at 850 8C and 2.0 MPa G. At the point of nearby feed molar ratio of CH 4 :CO 2 :H 2 O = 1.0:0.4:1.0, the feed gas volume is minimized and it is predicted that preferable operations with lower energy consumption can be accomplished. But in the case of CO 2 and H 2 O reforming with conventional reforming catalysts, the selection of these operating conditions is prohibited by higher potential for carbon formation, and particular technologies for suppress of carbon deposition will be required [5][6][7][8][9][11][12][13]20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under the dry reforming conditions, especially at high pressure, the product synthesis gases have high thermodynamic potential for carbon formation. Nielsen et al defined the carbon activity as the indication of carbon formation possibility [5][6][7]. If this value exceeds to 1.0, carbon will deposit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%