Promotion Signaling, Discrimination, and Positive Discrimination Policies

Strategic shirking in competitive labor markets: A general model of multi‐task promotion tournaments with employer learning

“…Then, in turn, the incumbent firm may have an incentive to favor one of the workers. The multiplicity of equilibria in promotion‐signaling models has been demonstrated before; see Gürtler and Gürtler (2019).…”

Discrimination, quotas, and stereotypes

“…Second, we contribute to the theoretical literature on the effects of affirmative-action policies, more specifically on the effects of employment quotas in firms. Thus, our work builds on Welch (1976), Milgrom and Oster (1987), Coate and Loury (1993), Moro and Norman (2003), Gürtler and Gürtler (2019) and Bijkerk et al (2021). Third, our model presents an application of existing concepts in the literature on ambiguity and Knightian Uncertainty that originated in Knight (1921).…”

Any port in a storm : how African American men use relationships to navigate corporate America

“…The fact that all of the participants had achieved at least a bachelor's degree means that all of them had successfully navigated the barrier of education unlike many other African American men, which contributed to each participant's stated feeling of loneliness. In, fact the same can be said for the other barriers outlined in the literature such as incarceration (Shannon, 2017), fewer opportunities for advancement (Addison, Ozturk, &Wang, 2014, Ggrtler andGgrtler 2015;Kwate and Goodman, 2015), navigating stereotypes (Todd et. all, 2016), lack of mentors (Martinez et.…”

“…However, it seems as if even writing policies are ineffective at ameliorating this situation. Ggrtler and Ggrtler (2015) found that policies aimed at equalizing promotion opportunities for disadvantaged groups do not always do so. In their study, putting a discrimination policy in place only made opportunities better for workers in the middle of the bell curve on ability distribution.…”

“…In addition to successfully navigating the various barriers to employment and attainment, the participants in this study also successfully managed the way that others perceive them in light of the many barriers to employment that they faced. Although unemployment is higher among African American men (Byars-Winston et al 2015;Laird, 2015), these men are not only able to attain and retain employment, but also they have been promoted to senior levels of the organization over the years which is especially difficult for African American men (Addison, Ozturk, &Wang, 2014, Ggrtler & Ggrtler 2015Kwate & Goodman, 2015). The fact that confidence in personal performance was a major theme that emerged from the interviews means that the participants thought highly of themselves and positioned themselves so that others would do the same.…”