Pronounced fluctuations of pions in ring-like events in 16O–Ag/Br interactions at 60AGeV/c in the framework of complex network analysis

Abstract

Visibility graphs (VGs), horizontal visibility graphs (HVGs) and the sandbox algorithm (SB) are applied for multifractal characterization of complex network systems that are converted from time series measurements, are used to characterize the fluctuations in pseudorapidity densities of singly charged particles produced in [Formula: see text]O–AgBr interactions at 60[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]GeV. The work presents the analysis of ring-like and jet-like events in terms of multifractality characterization of [Formula: see text]O–AgBr interactions at 60[Formula: see text]A[Formula: see text]GeV. We systematically compared the experimental events of both ring- and jet-like events with Monte Carlo (MC) simulated events. The investigation reveals that the multifractal spectrum for the jet-like events and ring-like events is different and can be distinguished. The ring-like events have its parameters slightly higher than that of jet-like events. Further analysis shows that the strength of the nonstatistical fluctuations is larger for ring-like events than those of jet-like events. The SB method presented here appears to be more useful than the conventional methods used for multifractal characterization.

R/S Analysis on Multiparticle Production Process in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions at Different SPS Energies

“…Thus, the multi-particle production process is a scale independent process meaning the correlation exists the same throughout the rapidity space irrespective of its scale measurement. The same is also reported in our previous paper using different method [29]. If anyway, the process has been scale dependent, then the above graph would have a crossover region, where the two different lines with different slopes meet, due to which it would not be uniquely defined by a power law.…”

“…There are many studies performed to investigate the multifractality of the multiparticle production process in high energy heavy ion collisions. In the recent past, a notable number of researchers have conducted many complex network analysis techniques like visibility graph (VG), horizontal visibility graph (HVG), and Sandbox algorithm (SB) on different data-sets [28][29][30][31]. Different studies show some remarkable findings of the multiparticle production processes.…”

Evidence of forward–backward correlation of pions in ultra-relativistic ring- and jet-like events in $$^{16}O-Ag/Br$$ interactions at $$E_{lab}=60$$ A GeV

“…The present analysis has been performed on 16 O − Ag/Br interaction at collision energy 60 A GeV. The data were extracted by exposing Ilford G5 nuclear emulsion pellicles at incident energy 60 A GeV [47]. The stack of rectangular nuclear emulsion plates were exposed to parallel projectile beam from the accelerator.…”

“…Several theoretical models have been studied in this regard [42][43][44][45]. Also there are some strong evidences about the occurrence of so called ring-like events from the coherent collective effects in hadronic matter [46,47]. It can be described as cones generated by either Mach shock waves or Cherenkov gluons.…”