Pronounced postprandial lipemia impairs endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery in men

Gaenzer, Hannes; Sturm, Wolfgang; Neumayr, Günther; Kirchmair, Rudolf; Ebenbichler, Christoph; Ritsch, Andreas; Föger, Bernhard; Weiss, Günter; Patsch, Josef R.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00427-8

Cited by 92 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In contrast to previous studies showing impaired endothelial function after high-fat meals containing olive oil [14] or saturated fat [23,[32][33][34], FMD was not impaired 4 h after a high-fat meal containing predominantly unsaturated fatty acids. In fact, when the sample as a whole was considered, FMD significantly increased at 4 h. However, fasting triacylglycerols status, triacylglycerols response to the meals, and the fatty acid profile of the meals were important determinants of the direction and magnitude of postprandial responses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Another study [43] proposed that the apparent reduction in FMD after a meal high in saturated fat is actually the result of peripheral vasodilation (measured as an increase in basal artery diameter), rather than a change in endothelial function in itself, and this pattern was confirmed in some [44][45][46] but not all [23,33,47] recent studies. In the present study, neither baseline artery diameter nor peak artery diameter were significantly changed after high-fat meals that are rich in unsaturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Acute effects of monounsaturated fatty acids with and without omega-3 fatty acids on vascular reactivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes

et al. 2004

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Aims/hypothesis: We examined the acute postprandial effects of meals containing unsaturated fatty acids on flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery and triacylglycerols in individuals with type 2 diabetes. We hypothesised that consumption of omega-3 fatty acids would enhance vascular function. Saturated fat reduces FMD for several hours, but there is inconsistent evidence about whether foods containing unsaturated fats impair FMD acutely. Little is known about the acute effects of omega-3 fatty acids on vascular reactivity. Methods: We measured FMD before and 4 h after 3 test meals (50 g fat, 2,615 kJ) in 18 healthy adults with type 2 diabetes. The monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) meal contained 50 g fat from high oleic safflower and canola oils. Two additional meals were prepared by replacing 7% to 8% of MUFA with docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid from sardine oil or α-linolenic acid from canola oil. Results: In the sample as a whole, FMD was increased 17% at 4 h vs. the fasting baseline. After the MUFA meal, subjects with the largest increases in triacylglycerols had the largest FMD decreases. The opposite pattern was observed after meals containing docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid or α-linolenic acid. In subjects with high fasting triacylglycerols, meals containing 3 to 5 g of omega-3 fatty acids increased FMD by 50% to 80% and MUFA alone had no significant effects on FMD. Conclusions/ interpretation: Endothelium-dependent vasodilation was not impaired 4 h after meals containing predominantly unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid composition of the meal and the metabolic status of the individual determine the vascular effects of a high-fat meal.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Acute effects of monounsaturated fatty acids with and without omega-3 fatty acids on vascular reactivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes

et al. 2004

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“…We and others have shown that pronounced postprandial lipaemia represents a risk factor for the development of coronary artery disease [2,3] and elicits potential atherogenic effects including endothelial dysfunction [4] and increased blood coagulability [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Postprandial lipaemia induces an acute decrease of insulin sensitivity in healthy men independently of plasma NEFA levels

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Typical Western diets cause postprandial lipaemia for 18 h per day. We tested the hypothesis that postprandial lipaemia decreases insulin sensitivity. Subjects, materials and methods: Employing a randomised crossover design, we administered two types of virtually isocaloric meals to ten healthy volunteers on two separate occasions. The meals (Meals 1 and 2) were both designed to produce a rise in triglycerides, but only Meal 1 generated a rise in NEFA, too. Insulin sensitivity, as quantified by an IVGTT with minimal model analysis, was calculated postabsorptively at 08.00 h and postprandially at 13.00 h, i.e. 3 h after meal ingestion. Results: Triglycerides rose from 0.91±0.31 mmol/l postabsorptively to 2.08±0.70 mmol/l postprandially with Meal 1 (p=0.005) and from 0.92±0.41 to 1.71±0.79 mmol/ l with Meal 2 (p=0.005). Neither the triglyceride levels at 13.00 h, nor the post-meal AUCs for triglycerides were statistically different between Meal 1 and Meal 2. NEFA rose from 0.44±0.17 mmol/l postabsorptively to 0.69±0.16 mmol/ l postprandially with Meal 1 (p=0.005) and showed no significant change with Meal 2 (0.46±0.31 mmol/l postabsorptively vs 0.36±0.32 mmol/l postprandially, p=0.09). Both the NEFA level at 13.00 h and the post-meal AUC for NEFA were significantly higher after Meal 1 than Meal 2. Compared with the postabsorptive state, insulin sensitivity decreased postprandially after each of the two meals to a comparable degree (Meal 1: −53%, p=0.02; Meal 2: −45%, p=0.005). Conclusions/interpretation: Our study reveals a drop in insulin sensitivity during postprandial lipaemia and strongly suggests that decreased insulin sensitivity is brought about by elevated plasma levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins independently of plasma NEFA levels.

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“…There is now a large body of evidence indicating that a single session of moderate exercise can reduce subsequent postprandial lipemia by ~20-25% (7). Thus, given the reported relationship between postprandial lipemia and endothelial dysfunction (4,5), we hypothesized that exercise of this nature could attenuate the postprandial decrement in endothelial function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is now evident that systemic inflammation is increased (2,3) and that endothelial function is impaired (4,5) postprandially, with some studies reporting that the postprandial decrement in endothelial function is proportional to the postprandial triglyceride rise (4,5). As endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are central to atherogenic progression (6), it is likely that these transient postprandial changes, repeated on a daily basis, have implications for long-term risk of vascular disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prior Moderate Exercise on Postprandial Metabolism and Vascular Function in Lean and Centrally Obese Men

Gill¹,

Al-Mamari²,

Ferrell³

et al. 2005

Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation

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Structured AbstractObjectives -We investigated whether a session of prior exercise could ameliorate postprandial endothelial dysfunction.Background -Endothelial function is impaired following fat ingestion and this may be related to rises in triglyceride concentrations. Exercise reduces postprandial triglyceride concentrations.Methods -Ten lean (waist <90cm) and 10 centrally obese (waist >100cm) middle-aged men each underwent two oral fat tolerance tests (blood taken fasting and for eight hours after a high-fat meal containing 80g fat and 70g carbohydrate). On the afternoon before one test, subjects performed a 90-minute treadmill walk (exercise); no exercise was performed before the control test. Endothelium-dependent and -independent microvascular function was assessed using laser Doppler imaging in the fasted state and at two hourly intervals during the eight-hour postprandial period.Results -Exercise reduced both fasting and postprandial triglyceride concentrations by 25% in both the lean and centrally obese groups (p<0.0005). For all subjects taken together, exercise improved fasting endothelium-dependent function by 25% (p<0.05) and, although there was a significant postprandial decrease in both endotheliumdependent and -independent function in both the control and exercise trials (p<0.01), postprandial endothelium-dependent and -independent function were 15% and 20% higher, respectively, in the exercise trial than the control trial (both p<0.05).Conclusions -A session of prior exercise improves fasting and postprandial vascular function in middle-aged men. This may be one mechanism by which exercise influences cardiovascular risk. KeywordsEndothelial function, exercise, lipids, postprandial JACC061504-1955RR 3 Condensed AbstractEndothelial function is impaired following fat ingestion. We investigated whether a session of prior exercise could ameliorate postprandial endothelial dysfunction in 20 middle-aged men. Subjects performed two oral fat tolerance tests: one on the day following a 90-minute treadmill walk, the other after no exercise. Exercise improved fasting endothelial function by 25% and postprandial endothelial function by 15% (both p<0.05). This may be one mechanism by which exercise influences cardiovascular risk. More recent study has focused on non-lipid disturbances occurring in the postprandial state. It is now evident that systemic inflammation is increased (2,3) and that endothelial function is impaired (4,5) postprandially, with some studies reporting that the postprandial decrement in endothelial function is proportional to the postprandial triglyceride rise (4,5). As endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are central to atherogenic progression (6), it is likely that these transient postprandial changes, repeated on a daily basis, have implications for long-term risk of vascular disease. There is now a large body of evidence indicating that a single session of moderate exercise can reduce subsequent postprandial lipemia by ~20-25% (7). Thus, given the reported relationship between...

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Pronounced postprandial lipemia impairs endothelium-dependent dilation of the brachial artery in men

Abstract: We conclude that pronounced postprandial lipemia is associated with transient impairment of endothelial function. Our findings support the notion that impaired triglyceride metabolic capacity plays an important role in atherogenesis.

Cited by 92 publications

References 44 publications

Acute effects of monounsaturated fatty acids with and without omega-3 fatty acids on vascular reactivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Acute effects of monounsaturated fatty acids with and without omega-3 fatty acids on vascular reactivity in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Postprandial lipaemia induces an acute decrease of insulin sensitivity in healthy men independently of plasma NEFA levels

Effects of Prior Moderate Exercise on Postprandial Metabolism and Vascular Function in Lean and Centrally Obese Men

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