Pronounced resting bradycardia in male elite runners is associated with high heart rate variability

Jensen‐Urstad, Kerstin; Saltin, Bengt; Ericson, Mats; Storck, N; Jensen‐Urstad, Mats

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00152.x

Cited by 73 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies indicate the association between endurance training and cardiac vagal outXow, as measured by HRV techniques (Goldsmith et al 1992;al-Ani et al 1996;Jensen-Urstad et al 1997;Tulppo et al 2003;Hautala et al 2004;Kiviniemi et al 2006). In athletes, an intense endurance training period results in decreased HRV which is followed by rebound of HRV beyond pre-training level during subsequent lighter training period (Pichot et al 2000;Iellamo et al 2002;Garet et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Endurance training guided individually by daily heart rate variability measurements

Kiviniemi¹,

Hautala²,

et al. 2007

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Purpose of this study was to test utility of heart rate variability (HRV) in daily endurance exercise prescriptions. Twenty-six healthy, moderately fit males were randomized into predefined training group (TRA, n = 8), HRV-guided training group (HRV, n = 9), and control group (n = 9). Four-week training period consisted of running sessions lasting 40 min each at either low- or high-intensity level. TRA group trained on 6 days a week, with two sessions at low and four at high intensity. Individual training program for HRV group was based on individual changes in high-frequency R-R interval oscillations measured every morning. Increase or no change in HRV resulted in high-intensity training on that day. If there was significant decrease in HRV (below reference value [10-day mean-SD] or decreasing trend for 2 days), low-intensity training or rest was prescribed. Peak oxygen consumption (VO(2peak)) and maximal running velocity (Load(max)) were measured in maximal treadmill test before and after the training. In TRA group, Load(max) increased from 15.1 +/- 1.3 to 15.7 +/- 1.2 km h(-1) (P = 0.004), whereas VO(2peak) did not change significantly (54 +/- 4 pre and 55 +/- 3 ml kg(-1) min(-1) post, P = 0.224). In HRV group, significant increases were observed in both Load(max) (from 15.5 +/- 1.0 to 16.4 +/- 1.0 km h(-1), P < 0.001) and VO(2peak) (from 56 +/- 4 to 60 +/- 5 ml kg(-1) min(-1), P = 0.002). The change in Load(max) was significantly greater in HRV group compared to TRA group (0.5 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.9 +/- 0.2 km h(-1), P = 0.048, adjusted for baseline values). No significant differences were observed in the changes of VO(2peak) between the groups. We concluded that cardiorespiratory fitness can be improved effectively by using HRV for daily training prescription.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Endurance training guided individually by daily heart rate variability measurements

Kiviniemi¹,

Hautala²,

et al. 2007

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“…13 1 Normotensives ( Subjects with a history of smoking and/or alcoholism, acute or chronic ailments, and known cases of diabetes, hypertension, cardiac diseases, kidney disease, or any endocrinal disorder were excluded from the present study. As the level of physical fitness is a major determinant of vagal tone and HRV, 14 subjects performing regular athletic activities were excluded from the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Sympathovagal Imbalance With Cardiovascular Risks in Young Prehypertensives

Pal¹,

Chandrasekaran²,

Ananthanarayanan³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Cardiology

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“…Values are means ± SD VO 2peak peak oxygen consumption, R-R R-R interval length, HF high-frequency power of R-R interval variability, ln natural logarithm *P<0.05, pre versus post values **P<0.01, pre versus post values ***P<0.001, pre versus post values Aerobic training on vagal modulation of HR Aerobic training results in enhanced cardiac vagal outflow as measured by HR variability (Goldsmith et al 1992;Al-Ani et al 1996;Jensen-Urstad et al 1997;Tulppo et al 1998aTulppo et al , b, 2003Hautala et al 2004). In these studies, healthy subjects underwent training for 6-8 weeks according to the guidelines of ACSM (1998).…”

Section: Cardiac Vagal Outflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiac vagal outflow after aerobic training by analysis of high-frequency oscillation of the R–R interval

et al. 2006

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This study was designed to assess the effect of aerobic training on the dynamics between the R-R interval length and the high-frequency (HF) oscillation of the R-R interval. Seventeen healthy males (26+/-2 years) participated in an 8-week aerobic training intervention. The mean HF spectral power (0.15-0.4 Hz) of the R-R interval and the mean R-R interval length were analyzed from 24-h recordings. HF power was also analyzed in 5-min sequences and plotted as a function of the corresponding mean R-R interval length. The relationship between the R-R interval length and the HF power was analyzed by a quadratic regression model. The relationship was defined as saturated if the distinct deflection point of the model occurred before the maximum R-R interval. Otherwise, the relationship was defined as linear. Additionally, the mean HF power was calculated from the linear portion of the R-R interval versus the HF power regression curve (HF index). Before the training intervention, seven subjects had a saturated HF power. After the intervention, five new cases of saturated HF power were observed. The mean HF power of the 24-h recording did not change in the group with a saturated HF power before training (7.4+/-0.8 vs. 7.6+/-0.8 ms(2)), but the HF index increased (6.7+/-0.7 vs. 7.1+/-0.7 ms(2), P<0.05). We conclude that enhanced vagal activity due to aerobic training increases the prevalence of the saturation of the HF oscillation of the R-R interval variability in healthy subjects. HF power calculated from unsaturated area detects more accurately subtle changes in the vagally mediated beat-to-beat variability of the R-R interval after aerobic training than the mean 24-h HF power.

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Pronounced resting bradycardia in male elite runners is associated with high heart rate variability

Cited by 73 publications

References 22 publications

Endurance training guided individually by daily heart rate variability measurements

Endurance training guided individually by daily heart rate variability measurements

Association of Sympathovagal Imbalance With Cardiovascular Risks in Young Prehypertensives

Cardiac vagal outflow after aerobic training by analysis of high-frequency oscillation of the R–R interval

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