SUMMARYEndoscopic-negative reflux disease (ENRD) is the most common presentation of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD)-affecting up to 70% of these individuals. In the last three decades therapeutic studies have focused solely on the treatment of patients with erosive oesophagitis. However, more recent studies have shifted our attention to defining, understanding and treating those with ENRD. GERD has traditionally been approached as a spectrum with ENRD at the mild end and complicated GERD (i.e. patients with erosive oesophagitis, stricture and Barrett's oesophagus) being at the other end, suggesting that patients' disease may progress over time along the spectrum. Current data indicate that ENRD should be approached as a unique entity rather than a part of the GERD spectrum and that over time only a few patients with ENRD will develop GERD-related complications.