Propagation, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Plumbago indica - A Review

Abstract

Aims: Plumbago indica is a medicinal plant widely grown in the tropics and temperate region to use in traditional systems of medicine. Different parts of this plant are used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, dysmenorrhea, cancer, leprosy, syphilis, rheumatism, paralysis, headache, leukoderma, enlarged glands, scabies, ophthalmia, dyspepsia, haemorrhage, piles, flatulence, loss of appetite etc. Various kinds of researches were carried out in different countries on propagation and pharmacology of this medicinal plant. Scientifically proven data were concentrated on this paper to facilitate reliable convenience data source and encourage further studies.
 Methodology: Scientific data published on full papers, abstracts about morphology, growth, propagation, traditional medicinal uses and pharmacology of P. indica over 70 years (1949-2020) by researchers in different countries were collected and categorized under suitable topics.
 Results: According to literature P. indica leaves, stems, roots contain phytochemical compound that are responsible for its medicinal properties. Tissue culture of this plant can be uses as effective propagation method to fulfill the increasing demand of raw materials (dried plant parts) for medicinal preparations as well as preserve the plant in their natural habitat.
 Value: P. indica is used to treat vast range of diseases in traditional medicinal systems in different countries and currently pharmacological experiments are conducting to prove it scientifically. Plumbagin present in P. indica roots was already identified as a potential anti-cancer agent and subjected to more research interest. Therefore this review article helps new researchers to get wide knowledge about the plant and its pharmacology.

Enhancement of Plumbagin Production through Elicitation in In Vitro-Regenerated Shoots of Plumbago indica L.

“…Plumbago indica L. or P. rosea L. is classified within the family of Plumbaginaceae. It is naturally found in regions with warm to tropical climates across the world [ 1 ]. This medicinal plant species is a perennial herb with an upright stem reaching a height of 1–1.5 m, and an inflorescence that is 10–30 cm long with red-colored florets [ 1 , 2 ].…”

“…It is naturally found in regions with warm to tropical climates across the world [ 1 ]. This medicinal plant species is a perennial herb with an upright stem reaching a height of 1–1.5 m, and an inflorescence that is 10–30 cm long with red-colored florets [ 1 , 2 ]. Fresh roots exhibit a light brown color, but when they dry out, they become dark or black [ 3 ].…”

Phytochemical profiling and anti-fibrotic activities of Plumbago indica L. and Plumbago auriculata Lam. in thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats

“…A liniment prepared from bruised root mixed with bland oil is utilized in treating leucoderma, paralysis and rheumatism. The plant is also utilized to pacify numerous ailments as skin diseases, diarrhea, nervous palsy, fever, hemorrhoids, bronchitis, irritable bowel disease, amenorrhea, anemia, inflammation, and piles 8 . Various bioactive compounds were reported from the plant.…”

“…Various bioactive compounds were reported from the plant. These include ampelopsin-3',4',5',7-tetramethyl ether, ayanin and azaleatin, plumbaginol, plumbagin, 6-hydroxyplumbagin roseanone, droserone, zeylanone and elliptinone, myricetin-3,3',5',7-tetra methyl ether, roseanoic acid and plumbagic acid 5 , 6 , 8 .…”

Isolation, Characterization and Antioxidant Activity of Plumbago indica L. Extract

“…The leaf's base tapers into a short, somewhat clasping petiole. 2 Plumbagin (5-Hydroxy-2-methyl-1, 4-naphtho-quinone) is a natural bioactive organic compound isolated from P. indica roots. 4 Plumbagin is currently extracted from P. indica roots.…”