“…Clearly, leaders' individual characteristics also play an integral role in determining whether the skill set targeted in an activity is actually acquired and subsequently is transferred back and utilized in their leadership role (as well as whether a given leader will even engage in self-development in the first place). Specifically, research has demonstrated that individuals' motivation to self-develop is derived from multiple individual differences (e.g., learning goal orientation, openness to experience, self-efficacy, see Birdi et al, 1997;Boyce et al, 2010;Maurer et al, 2008) and the individuals' perceptions of the personal benefits derived from self-development (see Maurer et al, 2003Maurer et al, , 2008. Motivation to perform self-development is also derived from organizational factors, such as a supervisor encouragement (Maurer & Tarulli, 1994;Maurer et al, 2003).…”