“…The IHCP (Hadamard and Morse, 1953;Beck and Woodbury, 2016;Lin and Yang, 2007) is a heat transfer problem whose outcomes are difficult to measure. Since Stolz (Stolz, 1960) published the first paper on the IHCP in 1960, many scientists have explored numerical solutions to the IHCP, such as Tikhonov's regularization method (Qiao et al, 2017), Beck's serialization method, Blackwell's time-marching algorithm method, Weber's space propulsion algorithm method (Blackwell, 1981), Elden's Fourier regularization method (Weber, 1981), and the conjugate gradient method (Isaac, 2018;Amini et al, 2018;Dehghani and Mahdavi-Amiri, 2018). Through these methods, the IHCP has undergone significant advancement in practical engineering and scientific experiment and measurement.…”