Properties and biological control activities of aerial and submerged spores in Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1

Watanabe, Satoshi; Kato, Hideki; Kumakura, Kazuo; Ishibashi, Eiichi; Nagayama, Kozo

doi:10.1584/jpestics.g06-09

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…33) It is noteworthy that the optimum growth temperature (27°-30°C) of SKT-1 is almost the same as the optimum temperature for rice seed germination and seedling growth, suggesting that SKT-1 is an ideal biocontrol agent. 43) In our experiments, SEM observation showed direct mycoparasitic interaction between T. asperellum SKT-1 and G. fujikuroi on the seed surface, and degradation of the cell wall of G. fujikuroi by hyphae of SKT-1. Inbar et al (1996) 44) showed hyphae of T. harzianum strain BAFC Cult.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Mode of action of Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1, a biocontrol agent against Gibberella fujikuroi

et al. 2007

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Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1 and Gibberella fujikuroi, known as causal agents of "Bakanae" disease, were both transformed with genes encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) and hygromycin B (hygB) by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI). Rice seeds inoculated with GFP-tagged G. fujikuroi showed "Bakanae" symptoms. GFP-tagged SKT-1 maintained biocontrol activity against the pathogen by soaking seeds in SKT-1 spore suspension. Then, we monitored in situ interactions between SKT-1 and G. fujikuroi on rice seeds using GFP-tagged transformations under confocal scanning laser stereomicroscopy. G. fujikuroi disappeared from the embryo of rice seeds after treatment with SKT-1, whereas SKT-1 was observed on the embryo 24 hr after initiation of germination. In addition, the hyphae of G. fujikuroi were penetrated by the hyphae of SKT-1, and degradation of the cell walls of G. fujikuroi was observed under SEM in co-culture. The cell wall of G. fujikuroi on the embryo of rice seeds was lysed, suggesting that mycoparasitism is the mode of action of T. asperellum SKT-1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Mode of action of Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1, a biocontrol agent against Gibberella fujikuroi

et al. 2007

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“…Propagules, like submerged spores, must retain a high level of viability under adverse and variable conditions, where the conidial mass of Trichoderma is the most proficient propagule, tolerating downstream processing . Moreover, reduction of the mycelia in the liquid culture, increasing the spore population, would also be desirable, since mycelia create separation and disposal problems …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of humic acids from oil palm empty fruit bunch by submerged fermentation with Trichoderma viride: Cellulosic substrates and nitrogen sources

Motta

Santana

2013

Biotechnology Progress

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The novelty of this study was to produce humic acids by submerged fermentation of empty fruit bunch (EFB) with Trichoderma viride and to investigate the effects of the cellulosic substrates and the organic sources of nitrogen on the biotechnological production of these acids. The results obtained indicate the potential application of EFB, a waste of oil palm processing, for humic acids production. Because EFB contains cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, fermentations were also performed using these polymers as carbon sources, separately or in combination. After 120 h of fermentation, significant production of humic acids was observed only in cultures containing either EFB or a mixture of the three polymers. Use of either potato peptone or yeast extract as a nitrogen source yielded nearly identical patterns of fungal growth and production of humic acids. The data obtained from microscopic imaging of T. viride growth and sporulation in EFB, coupled with the determined rates of production of humic acids indicated that the production of these acids is related to T. viride sporulation.

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“…Compost made with agricultural waste and the Trichoderma asperellum strain suppresses Rhizoctonia solani in cucumber seedlings 3 . Trichoderma asperellum was reported as a potent bio control agent against seed-borne rice diseases in a previous study 4 . In our laboratory Trichoderma longibrachiatum was reported to be entomopathogenic against Leucinodes orbonalis , a major pest of eggplant 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A new application of Trichoderma asperellum as an anopheline larvicide for eco friendly management in medical science

Podder

Ghosh

2019

Sci Rep

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Microfungal applications are increasing daily in the medical science. Several species of Trichoderma are widely used in agricultural fields as biological control and plant growth promoting agents. The application of Trichoderma asperellum as an entomopathogenic fungus against the Anopheles mosquito, a vector of malaria, is a novel control approach. Controlling malaria with eco-friendly management practices is an urgent need. We isolated three T. asperellum from different natural sources using serial dilution and mosquito baiting techniques. The fungi were identified on the basis of phenotypical and molecular characteristics. The fungi were grown in different natural media to examine spore production ability and the fungal spore suspensions were applied to the anopheline larvae to determine their larvicidal activity in vitro. We investigated the efficacy of crude ME (methanolic extract) and different methanolic fractions (MFs) of the fungal extracts against anopheline larvae. Methanolic Fraction 8 (MF8) exhibited the strongest larvicidal activity. A GC-MS analysis of MF8 and a Chemolibrary search were performed to identify the active agents in the fungal extracts. Among the three isolates of T. asperellum, the TaspSKGN2 isolate showed the lowest LD50 (2.68 × 107 conidia/mL) and LT50 values (12.33 h). The crude ME exhibited LD50 values of 0.073 mg/mL and LT50 values of 11.33 h. MF8 showed LD50 values of 0.059 mg/mL and LT50 values of 8.57 h. In GC-MS study of MF8, 49 compounds were found. Among these, seven compounds (2,3-di hydro thiopene, p-cymene, alpha-pinene, hexadecanoic acid, 8-methyl quinoline, (Z,Z)-9,12-octa decadienoic acid, methyl ester, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-Pyran-4-one-) with high abundance were found to have insecticidal efficacy by a literature survey. We detected a reduction in the phenoloxidase content inside the cuticle and hemolymph of the anopheline larvae after a few hours of interaction with ME (0.073 mg/mL). Thus Trichoderma asperellum has new applications for the control of Anopheles spp. malaria vectors.

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Properties and biological control activities of aerial and submerged spores in Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Mode of action of Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1, a biocontrol agent against Gibberella fujikuroi

Mode of action of Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1, a biocontrol agent against Gibberella fujikuroi

Production of humic acids from oil palm empty fruit bunch by submerged fermentation with Trichoderma viride: Cellulosic substrates and nitrogen sources

A new application of Trichoderma asperellum as an anopheline larvicide for eco friendly management in medical science

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