Properties of a Novel Ion-Exchange Film

Street, Kenneth W.; Hill, Carol M.; Philipp, W. H.; Tanner, Stephen P.; Gorse, J.; Lusk, Amy L.; Taylor, Jason R.; Dickens, Jason E.

doi:10.1021/ie0307535

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…All solutions were prepared using deionized water (pH 5.43 ± 0.02) from a D2798 Nanopure water purification system (Barnstead, Boston, MA). This solution pH value is near the p K a value of the PVA−PAA composite (5.70 ± 0.05), and PAA is about 50% ionized under these solution conditions. Fine annealed 8 mm thick SF11 and 1 mm 1737F glass (hereafter substrates) were obtained from Schott and Corning, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Anomalous Diffusion in Poly(vinyl alcohol)−Poly(acrylic acid) Thin Films

Pantelić

Seliskar

2007

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Dynamic in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of poly(vinyl alcohol)−poly(acrylic acid) (PVA−PAA) composite films are presented. Thin films immobilized on glass substrates were conditioned over time in aqueous media. Dynamic measurements consisted of thickness (swelling ratio) and optical constant changes in time. The films displayed anomalous diffusion that was characterized by fast initial swelling followed by a much slower thickness reduction. A simple mechanism based on polymer network relaxation was proposed as the likely explanation for thickness reduction. A diffusion/relaxation formalism was used to quantitatively model measured data. From this modeling the diffusion coefficient of water and the network relaxation rate constants were estimated for three different types of composite films that differed in the degree of cross-linking. The diffusion Deborah number was estimated to be a high value ((DEB)D ≈ 5 × 103) which suggested elastic diffusion and non-Fickian behavior. Slow polymer network relaxation was the likely cause of a considerable amount of water expelled from the films. Alternative explanations for such anomalous diffusion were tested, and it was concluded that they did not play a significant role in the dynamic properties of the composites. It was proposed that the existence of the two relaxation rate constants (k r 2 ≈ 8 × 10-3 min-1, k r 1 = variable) could be related to mutually independent PAA and cross-linked PVA backbone relaxation, respectively.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Anomalous Diffusion in Poly(vinyl alcohol)−Poly(acrylic acid) Thin Films

Pantelić

Seliskar

2007

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…According to the literature, polyacrylics are quite versatile in many applications, particularly in the removal of heavy and radioactive metallic ions, and new applications are ever increasing [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Doherty et al recently reported a study of the inhibition of calcium oxalate using poly(acrylic acid)s [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low molecular weight poly(acrylic acid) as a salt scaling inhibitor in oilfield operations

Moulay

Boukherissa

Abdoune

et al. 2005

JICS

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Poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) samples with molecular weights between 820 and 2950 were synthesized by a solution polymerization process using an initiating redox system. The obtained PAAs were then screened for their ability to inhibit salt scale formation. In this screening system, salt scale was formed by injecting pit water into the oil. The salt scale inhibition efficiency was higher for PAAs at a higher concentration and for lower molecular weight PAAs. A reduction of pH, extension of stirring time, or an increase in temperature caused the inhibition efficiency of the PAAs to drop. An optimal inhibition efficiency of 98.70% was observed using a PAA with a molecular weight of 820 at a concentration of 20 ppm, at 20 °C, while being stirred for 1 h at a pH of 6.029.

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