Properties of Activated Carbons

McEnaney, B.

doi:10.1002/9783527618286.ch24b

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…PR24-LHT and Baytubes were treated with concentrated nitric acid (70%, Sigma-Aldrich) under vigorous magnetic stirring at 100°C for 2 h and 10 h. The treatment was performed at a temperature below the boiling point of nitric acid (130°C) to avoid thermal degradation of HNO 3 and loss as gaseous NO 2 . The ratio of nitric acid to carbon sample was set to 500 ml for 10 g. This ratio was expected to be sufficient to avoid changes in the nitric acid concentration due to consumption.…”

Section: Functionalization Of the Carbon Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Already in the early 1930s, Hofmann and Lemcke tried to find correlations between the structure of activated carbons and their catalytic activity [1]. Since then our knowledge has significantly improved [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Carbonization and graphitization mechanisms seem to be well understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanocyl recently increased its production to 40T/year 2 . In September 2007, Bayer inaugurated a second 30T/year plant, thus increasing its production capacity to 60T/year 3,4 . Further plans of the company include a scale-up to 200 and finally 3000 T/year by 2011 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the structure and chemical properties of some commercial carbon nanostructures

Tessonnier

Rosenthal

Hansen

et al. 2009

Carbon

316

256

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For many years the scientific community has believed in a promising future for carbon nanotubes for various applications in such diverse fields as polymer reinforcement, adsorption, catalysis, electronics and medicine. Industrial production of carbon nanotubes and -fibers and the subsequent availability and decrease of price, have rendered this vision feasible. In the last years, several carbon nanomaterial products have been marketed by major chemical companies. In this work, we present an extensive characterization of a representative set of commercially available carbon nanomaterials. Special focus has been put on their quality, i.e. presence of metal or carbonaceous impurities but also homogeneity and structural integrity. The observations are of importance for subsequent use in catalysis where the presence of impurities or defects in the nanostructure can dramatically modify the activity of the catalytic material..

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Section: Functionalization Of the Carbon Nanomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the structure and chemical properties of some commercial carbon nanostructures

Tessonnier

Rosenthal

Hansen

et al. 2009

Carbon

316

256

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“…It can be because of lower percentage of mesopores in BioAC-Chem in comparison with that in BioAC-O-D(750 • C) and/or its different surface chemistry features (see Table 3). The small value of mesopore volume for BioAC-Chem is due to KOH chemical activation process which produces activated carbon with highly developed microstructure and large BET surface area (Otowa et al, 1997;McEnaney, 2002;Robau-Sanchez et al, 2005). Therefore, the total pore volume of a chemically activated carbon is formed mostly by micropores and then, mesopore volume is small.…”

Section: Porous Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

The direct oxidation of hydrogen sulphide over activated carbons prepared from lignite coal and biochar

Azargohar

Dalai

2011

Can J Chem Eng

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Physically (steam) and chemically (KOH) activated carbons prepared from Luscar coal and biochar were used for removal of low concentrations of hydrogen sulphide (1 mol%) in methane. A modification method including acid treatment and thermal desorption in an inert atmosphere was used and the effects of this modification on the porous structure, surface chemistry, and ash content were studied. It increased total pore volume of activated carbons prepared from coal and biochar by 43% and 11%, respectively. Acid treatment changed the surface chemistry of activated carbons. Also, thermal desorption removed most of the acidic groups, especially carboxylic groups. The break-through times corresponding to 80% removal of H 2 S using modified activated carbons prepared from coal and biochar were increased to 102 and 131 min, respectively. Also, the production of SO 2 as an undesirable by-product was less than 1.9% of H 2 S fed into the reactor.Les charbons activés physiquement (vapeur) et chimiquement (hydroxyde de potassium) et préparésà partir de charbon de Luscar et de charbon de bois ontété utilisés pouréliminer les faibles concentrations d'acide sulfhydrique (1 mol%) dans le méthane. Une méthode de modification comprenant un traitement acide et une thermodésorption dans une atmosphère inerte aété utilisée et les effets de cette modification sur la structure poreuse, la composition chimique superficielle et la composition des cendres ontétéétudiés. Cette méthode augmente le volume total des pores des charbons activés préparésà base de charbon de Luscar et de charbon de bois de 43% et 11%, respectivement. Un traitement acide a modifié la composition chimique superficielle des charbons actifs. La thermodésorption aégalementéliminé la plupart des groupes acides, et plus particulièrement les groupes carboxyliques. En utilisant les charbons activés modifiés préparésà base de charbon de Luscar et de charbon de bois, les durées de pénétration correspondantà 80% de l'élimination du H 2 S sont passées respectivementà 102 et 131 min. De plus, la production de SO 2 comme sous-produit indésirable correspondaità moins de 1,9% du H 2 S alimentant le réacteur.

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“…In short, porous materials have greatly helped modern civilizations from the very infancy of mankind, and even if in ancient times the people could only guess as to how or why they worked, the fact is that their usefulness is very well documented. Presently, carbon materials are undoubtedly crucial in many areas of technological development, with applications ranging from household use in water purification systems or as odour filters [1] to adsorption compressors as cooling system in space telescopes [2], but these materials are composed of the irregular stacking of graphene sheets which give rise to slitshaped pores [3]. As the philosopher Blaise Pascal expressed in the 17th century, "Man is but a reed, the most feeble thing in nature; but he is a thinking reed. "…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ordered Porous Nanomaterials: The Merit of Small

Murcia

2013

ISRN Nanotechnology

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This paper will introduce the reader to some of the “classical” and “new” families of ordered porous materials which have arisen throughout the past decades and/or years. From what is perhaps the best-known family of zeolites, which even now to this day is under constant research, to the exciting new family of hierarchical porous materials, the number of strategies, structures, porous textures, and potential applications grows with every passing day. We will attempt to put these new families into perspective from a synthetic and applied point of view in order to give the reader as broad a perspective as possible into these exciting materials.

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Properties of Activated Carbons

Cited by 11 publications

References 104 publications

Analysis of the structure and chemical properties of some commercial carbon nanostructures

Analysis of the structure and chemical properties of some commercial carbon nanostructures

The direct oxidation of hydrogen sulphide over activated carbons prepared from lignite coal and biochar

Ordered Porous Nanomaterials: The Merit of Small

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