Properties of copper and copper alloys at cryogenic
                                        temperatures

Drexler, E. S.; Simon, N.J.; Reed, R. P.

doi:10.6028/nist.mono.177

Cited by 190 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

119

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The lengths of the support structure and tension rod are both 600 mm. The cross-sectional areas of the support structure and force structure are 490 mm 2 and 255 mm 2 , respectivly. The calculated heat losses of the support structure and tension rod are about 1.4 W and 0.75 W, respectivly.…”

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The other is a thermal insulation part, which is made from stainless steel and reduces heat losses. The cross-sectional areas of sample chamber is 1420 mm 2 . The thermal conductivities of stainless steel are about 16 W/(m·k) at room temperature and 2 W/(m·k) at 10 K. Because the sample chamber also cooled by first stage cold heat of G-M cryocooler.…”

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical properties are mainly dependent on the composition, phase structure and defects, but not constant and often changes as a function of temperature. Materials often have some undesirable or unusual properties in cryogenic temperatures that make them interesting or unsafe to use in cryogenic engineering [2,[4][5][6][7]. For example, the body-centred-cubic metals show good fracture toughness at room temperature but brittleness at cryogenic temperatures [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well-known that mechanical properties are some of the most important physical properties [1][2][3], that determine the range of usefulness of a material. Mechanical properties are mainly dependent on the composition, phase structure and defects, but not constant and often changes as a function of temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Cryogenic mechanical property testing system directly cooled by G-M cryocooler

Huang

Liu

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Cryogenic mechanical properties are generally considered to be some of the most important parameters in cryogenic engineering. Therefore, it is very important to test and investigate mechanical properties at low temperatures. Most systems for cryogenic mechanical property testing are cooled using liquid nitrogen (300 K-77 K) or liquid helium (77 K-4.2 K). As we know, liquid helium is relatively rare and thus expensive. In this study, to attain accurate and stable intermediate temperatures and reduce testing cost, a cryogenic mechanical property testing system cooled by a G-M cryocooler was studied and developed. In this system, the sample can be cooled down to 10.5 K after about 10 hours of running. The tension, bending and compression testing (load range up to 50 kN) can be carried out.

show abstract

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cryogenic mechanical property testing system directly cooled by G-M cryocooler

Huang

Liu

et al. 2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…15 j Cu is the thermal conductivity of the copper, whose dependence on the residual resistivity ratio is described in Ref. 20, and s Cu is the conductor's cross-section fraction occupied by the stabilizer. Dashed lines, associated with in-field data, have been calculated in the framework of the Wiedemann-Franz law supposing that jðT; BÞ % ½qðT; 0Þ=qðT; BÞ jðT; 0Þ and using magnetoresistance data measured on Cu specimens extracted from the CC, as described in Ref.…”

Section: Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

An equation for the quench propagation velocity valid for high field magnet use of REBCO coated conductors

Bonura

Senatore

2016

Applied Physics Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Based on a study of the thermophysical properties, we derived a practical formula for the normal zone propagation velocity appropriate for REBa2Cu3O7-x coated conductors in high magnetic fields. An analytical expression to evaluate the current sharing temperature as a function of the operating conditions is also proposed. The presented study has allowed us to account for experimental results not fully understood in the framework of the models widely used in the literature. In particular, we provided a fundamental understanding of the experimental evidence that the normal zone propagation velocity in REBa2Cu3O7-x coated conductors can be mainly determined by the operating current, regardless of the applied field and temperature

show abstract

Copper

Kundig

Dresher²

2001

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Copper and its various alloys are used in industrial and consumer applications because of high electrical and thermal conductivities, wear and corrosion resistance, and mechanical and aesthetic properties. These metals are vital to nearly every industrial sector. Uses of copper and alloy mill products may be broken down into five principal markets: building construction, electrical and electronic products, industrial machinery and equipment, transportation, and consumer and general products. In addition, copper and its alloys are a strategic material essential to the production of equipment critical to the U.S. economy and national defense. The various copper minerals, mining, ore treatment, smelting, and refining are discussed as is fabrication of products and the chemical reactions specific to these processes. There have been significant process innovations in the copper industry, particularly in hydrometallurgy, solvent‐extraction technology, and continuous casting production methods. Pure copper is most often produced by electrorefining. Sulfuric acid is a principal by‐product of copper smelting. The United States is a world leader in smelting and refining capacity. It is the second largest copper ore producer and repository of one‐fifth of the world's recoverable reserves. U.S. and world production is discussed.

show abstract

Properties of copper and copper alloys at cryogenic temperatures

Cited by 190 publications

References 0 publications

Cryogenic mechanical property testing system directly cooled by G-M cryocooler

Cryogenic mechanical property testing system directly cooled by G-M cryocooler

An equation for the quench propagation velocity valid for high field magnet use of REBCO coated conductors

Copper

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About