Properties of Cotton Fabrics Crosslinked with Different Molecular Chain Lengths of Aldehyde Agents

Shyu, Jyh-Pyng; Chen, Cheng‐Chi

doi:10.1177/004051759206200806

Textile Research Journal

1992

DOI: 10.1177/004051759206200806

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Properties of Cotton Fabrics Crosslinked with Different Molecular Chain Lengths of Aldehyde Agents

Jyh-Pyng Shyu

Cheng‐Chi Chen

Abstract: Cotton fabric has been crosslinked with differing molecular chain lengths of an aldehyde crosslinking agent (formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde). The formaldehyde treated fabric shows lower tensile strength retention than the glutaraldehyde treated fabric but higher elongation retention for a given agent concentration. At the same dry or wet crease recovery angle, tensile strength of the formaldehyde treated fabric is lower than that of the glutaraldehyde treated fabric, but elongation is higher. Wet crease recov… Show more

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Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Our previous studies [ 16] showed that the physical properties of dimethylolethyleneurea (DMEU) treated fabrics were significantly different from those of dimethylol-N,N'-dimethylene-tris-ethyleneurea (DMDME3EU), and revealed the higher tensile strength retention of fabrics treated with DMDME3EU at the same dry and wet crease recovery angles. Other studies [ 1,10,14] mentioned that the longer crosslinking agent yielded better physical properties and a larger pore structure of the treated fabrics than the shorter crosslinking agent. Ber-toniere et al [3] pointed out that the degree of agent spreading in cotton fabric is different for differing molecular chain lengths of crosslinking agents.…”

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Crosslinking and Agent Distribution of Cotton Cellulose Treated with Combined Dimethylolethyleneurea and Dimethylol-N,N'-dimethylene-tris-ethyleneurea

Yen

Chen

2004

Textile Research Journal

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We have used three different processes to treat cotton fabrics with different combined weight ratios of dimethylolethyleneurea (DMEU) and dimethylol-N,N'-dimethylene-tris ethyleneurea (DMDME3EU) as crosslinking agents, and have found that a two-step process of pad(DMDME3EU)-dry-cure-pad(DMEU)-dry-cure yields higher dry crease recovery angles (DCRA), wet crease recovery angles (WCRA), and equilibrium direct dye adsorption values than the other two processes of pad(DMEU)-dry-cure-pad(DMDME3EU)-dry-cure and pad- (mixture of DMEU and DMDME3EU)-dry-cure at the same nitrogen content and a combined ratio of equal concentrations of the two agents. The process of pad(DMDME3EU)-dry-cure- pad(DMEU)-dry-cure also yields higher DCRA values for a given wet crease recovery angle and tensile strength retention and an even crosslinking agent distribution in/on the treated fabrics. At the same time, the DCRA and WCRA values for the pad(DMDME3EU)-dry-cure- pad(DMEU)-dry-cure process are higher than those for the other two processes at a given number of crosslinks per anhydroglucose unit.

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Crosslinking and Agent Distribution of Cotton Cellulose Treated with Combined Dimethylolethyleneurea and Dimethylol-N,N'-dimethylene-tris-ethyleneurea

Yen

Chen

2004

Textile Research Journal

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“…Most researchers have focused on glyoxal as a durable press finishing agent, with Lewis acids such as magnesium chloride and aluminum chloride as the catalysts [4,12]. Glutaraldehyde for crosslinking cotton was included in some of the early studies [1][2][3]8], but a systematic investigation of glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent has not been reported.…”

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Evaluating Glutaraldehyde as a Nonformaldehyde Durable Press Finishing Agent for Cotton Fabrics

Yang

Wei

McIlwaine³

2000

Textile Research Journal

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In recent years, extensive efforts have been made to find nonformaldehyde durable press finishes to replace the traditional formaldehyde-based reagents. In this research, glutaraldehyde is evaluated as a nonformaldehyde durable press finish for cotton fabrics. The infrared spectroscopy data show that the two aldehyde groups of glutaraldehyde react with cotton at elevated temperatures. There is a linear correlation between the fabric wrinkle recovery angle and the reduction in the carbonyl band intensity of the treated cotton cured at increasing temperatures. We have compared glutaraldehyde with low- formaldehyde DMDHEU and nonformaldehyde DHDMI as crosslinking agents for cotton. The fabric finished with glutaraldehyde shows adequate wrinkle resistance, sufficient white ness, and high strength retention. As a nonformaldehyde durable press finishing agent, the performance of glutaraldehyde is superior to that of DHDMI.

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Effect of MAA/MAM pregrafting on DMEU finishing of cotton fabrics

Min

Hwang

1995

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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SYNOPSISCotton fabrics were pregrafted with mixed monomer of methacrylic acid (MAA) and Nmethylolacrylamide (MAM) before undergoing finishing with 1,3-dimethylolethylene urea. Experiments show that when the molar ratio of MAA and MAM is 4 : 6 the finished fabric has the maximum nitrogen content (N%) and crosslinking density. The pregrafting can improve the wet crease recovery angle and the moisture regain, can reduce the tensile strength retention, and has little effect on the dry crease recovery angle. In addition, at a pregrafting ratio of 4 : 6, the finished fabric has the highest crease recovery angle and moisture regain. I N T R O D U C T 1 0 NIn the past there are many reports on using vinyl monomer to graft cotton fabrics for modifying chemical properties.'-" Most of these reports are based on single monomer grafting, with a few using mixed monomer to pregraft before resin finishing. In addition, Hebeish et al. reported about first finishing cotton with N-methylolacrylamide (MAM) and then grafting.12 On the other hand, Negishi and Reinhardt et al. used various single vinyl monomers to first pregraft the cotton fabrics and then finish with MAM.l3,l4 The results show that when the fabrics are pregrafted first and then finished with resin, the finished fabric shows great improvement of its physical properties. However, these reports concern only the physical changes in the finished fabrics. There is no research report on the crosslinking and physical properties of pregrafted fabrics, nor the use of mixed monomers for pregrafting and then resin finishing. Thus in this work, two monomers, methacrylic acid (MAA) and MAM, were mixed in different molar ratios to pregraft cotton fabrics for resin finishing. In addition, the relationship between the physical properties and crosslinking structure of the fabrics, after pregrafting and resin finishing, was studied . EXPERIMENTAL MaterialsThe cotton fabric, 40s * 40s ends (100) and picks (80), was desized, scoured, and bleached. MAM and MAA were purified according to the standard proc e d u r e~.~~~'~ Sodium hydroxide, ferrous ammonium sulfate, hydrogen peroxide, selenium mixture catalyst, sulfuric acid, boric acid, pyridine zinc nitrate, etc., were of reagent grade. The finishing agent 1,3-dimethylolethylene urea (DMEU) was synthesized according to the Hoover and Voals method. Methods Grafting ProcedureThe sample of cotton fabric was first impregnated in freshly prepared aqueous ferrous ammonium sulfate (0.03%) for 15 min at 25°C under a materialto-liquor ratio of 1 : 100. The sample was then squeezed, washed thoroughly with distilled water, and dried. Accurate weight of the Fe2+-containing sample was immersed in an aqueous solution containing the monomer or the mixture monomer, hy- 625

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Properties of Cotton Fabrics Crosslinked with Different Molecular Chain Lengths of Aldehyde Agents

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Crosslinking and Agent Distribution of Cotton Cellulose Treated with Combined Dimethylolethyleneurea and Dimethylol-N,N'-dimethylene-tris-ethyleneurea

Crosslinking and Agent Distribution of Cotton Cellulose Treated with Combined Dimethylolethyleneurea and Dimethylol-N,N'-dimethylene-tris-ethyleneurea

Evaluating Glutaraldehyde as a Nonformaldehyde Durable Press Finishing Agent for Cotton Fabrics

Effect of MAA/MAM pregrafting on DMEU finishing of cotton fabrics

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