Properties of cryogenic insulants

Gerhold, J.

doi:10.1016/s0011-2275(98)00094-0

Cited by 89 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, when the liquid helium is at a temperature below the λ-point, electrical breakdown at roughly 70 kV/cm occurs between the electrodes. These observations are consistent with the dielectric strength properties of liquid helium described in the literature [8].…”

supporting

confidence: 92%

Kerr Effect in Liquid Helium at Temperatures Below the Superfluid Transition

et al. 2004

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The electro-optical Kerr effect induced by a slowly-varying applied electric field in liquid helium at temperatures below the λ-point is investigated. The Kerr constant of liquid helium is measured to be (1.43±0.02 (stat) ±0.04 (sys) )×10 −20 (cm/V) 2 at T = 1.5 K. Within the experimental uncertainty, the Kerr constant is independent of temperature in the range T = 1.5 K to 2.17 K, which implies that the Kerr constant of the superfluid component of liquid helium is the same as that of normal liquid helium. Our result also indicates that pair and higher correlations of He atoms in the liquid phase account for about 23% of the measured Kerr constant. Liquid nitrogen was used to test the experimental set-up, the result for the liquid nitrogen Kerr constant is (4.38±0.15)×10 −18 (cm/V) 2 . The knowledge of the Kerr constant in these media allows the Kerr effect to be used as a non-contact technique for measuring the magnitude and mapping out the distribution of electric fields inside these cryogenic insulants.

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supporting

confidence: 92%

Kerr Effect in Liquid Helium at Temperatures Below the Superfluid Transition

et al. 2004

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“…Former studies have thoroughly investigated the dielectric properties of cryogenic fluids, such as nitrogen (N2), helium (He) and hydrogen (H2) [5,6]. The permittivity, conductivity, dielectric loss and breakdown strength under different conditions are known [7].…”

Section: Potential Dielectrics For Cryogenic Interruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Paschen's Law of cryogenic gases are shown in Figure 5. Breakdown in liquid cannot be characterized by a pure materials function [5]. Purity, presence of bubbles, time duration of applied voltage can all affect dielectric strength of liquid.…”

Section: Potential Dielectrics For Cryogenic Interruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paschen's curves of cryogenic gases measured at (a) uniform field of parallel-plate electrodes [5,7] and (b) non-uniform field of coaxial electrodes [8,9] at room temperature Besides the dielectric strength, an ideal cryogenic interruption medium should have low boiling temperature, low viscosity, high thermal conductivity and high heat capacity. For cryogenic liquids, the enthalpy of vaporization should be high enough to prevent excessive gas formation.…”

Section: Potential Dielectrics For Cryogenic Interruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Future cryogenic switchgear technologies for superconducting power systems

Saluja

Damle

et al. 2017

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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“…For PVV, it's important to provide a good ultimate pressure for plasma discharge. The design value is 1.3×10 -5 Pa. For CVV, it's required that the pressure should be low for a good thermal isolation, while it's crucial for a superconducting device to have higher vacuum for better electrical isolation after the coils are charged [2]. The design specifications are <1×10 -1 Pa at room temperature and <5×10 -4 Pa at working state.…”

Section: Chambersmentioning

confidence: 99%