Properties of epoxy polymers cured with polyoxypropylene diamine

Kochergin, Yu. S.; Григоренко, Т. И.; Попова, О. С.; Samoilova, E. E.

doi:10.1134/s1995421210040039

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, Attard and He [30] showed no reaction between (-NCO) moieties of prepolymerized polyurea (Part A)-containing fully reacted polyoxypropylene diamine in Figure 2a-and epoxide. The results in Figure 8 are consistent with the introduction of physiomechanical, adhesion [46] and physiochemical properties [30] via urea carbonyl stretching mode (1642 cm −1 ; bond enthalpy, ∆H = 745 kJ mol −1 ) and bending mode (∆H = 393 kJ mol −1 ) via IDA reaction, or isophorone diisocyanate + polyoxypropylene diamine + polyetheramine, where the latter also reacts with epoxide, to produce a library of remarkable bulk properties that may designed into large-scale systems.…”

Section: Iepm Chemical Bonds Examined Via Nano-irsupporting

confidence: 85%

Bulk Energy Transferability Linked to Critical N–H Modes of an Interfacial Nanoscale Surface Modification via Unique Isophorone Diisocyanate Amine Exchange Reaction

Attard¹

2021

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Although carbon dioxide concentrations are at a record high [3] -one ton of manufactured carbon fiber emits twenty tons of CO 2 [4,5] -lighter structural components can drastically lower CO 2 consumption. This includes carbon-fiber-constructed automobiles and aircraft that are 30% and 20% lighter that can reduce CO 2 emissions by 50 tons and 1400 tons over a ten-year lifecycle. And while carbon-fiber technologies generally reduce CO 2 emissions by 20%, [6] life-cycle analysis studies further highlight its environmental benefit via productionwaste reduction efforts and recycling [7] of discarded fiber and matrix (epoxy).To further distinguish the performanceenvironmental benefit, this study examines integration of bulk energy transferability into CF/E via modification of the surface epoxy to overcome its inherent performance limitations and to reduce fiber production, CO 2 emissions, cost, and waste. Furthermore, the novel surface modification may be utilized in general FRP systems, where the global composites market is expected to reach $131.6 billion by 2024. [8] Paucity of energy transferability remains a lofty design parameter in brittle FRPs that have low fracture toughness and material damping. [9] This is often over-compensated by aggrandizing fiber quantity, which amplifies cost and predisposes FRPs, including CF/E, to unexpected failure and potentially greater CO 2 emissions. However, due to their versatility, FRPs continue to be researched in various exposures, [10,11] specifically CF/E in extreme conditions. This includes the use of coatings to complement composite performance, where, for example, polyurea-coated composites dissipated blast-induced energy proportional to the polyurea thickness. [12,13] In blast-designed wall panels, polyurea fails to efficiently transfer the incoming energy, resulting in support shear failure. Although polyurea is characteristically weak (12-17 MPa), [14] it also made its way into projectile impact studies as a laminate coating for aluminum plates [15,16] but with minimal relevant success. Inherently, polyurea has a low loss modulus [17] that is similar to that of pure epoxy (in CF/E). In order to effectuate relevant damping in polyurea-coated composites, the polyurea thickness should be considerably large, making pure polyurea a cost-ineffective solution for enhancing FRP performance. [18] A surface-modified carbon-fiber reinforced epoxy (CF/E) via a unique isophorone diisocyanate amine (IDA) reaction produces a new interfacial epoxy-polyurea "matrix" (IEPM) that elicits excellent mechanical energy transferability in brittle CF/E. The chemical bonding property in the IEPM molecule is produced via moieties of an epoxy mixture and N-H-concentrated urea molecules, where IDA thermodynamics are controlled via a curing parameter, t c (in hours). Nano-scale properties of the IDA reaction, confirmed via fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and chemical mapping of molecules comprising the IEPM structure, are linked to bulk mechanical energy transferability, specifically l...

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Section: Iepm Chemical Bonds Examined Via Nano-irsupporting

confidence: 85%

Bulk Energy Transferability Linked to Critical N–H Modes of an Interfacial Nanoscale Surface Modification via Unique Isophorone Diisocyanate Amine Exchange Reaction

Attard¹

2021

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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“…However, the flexibility of the final products was not directly evaluated. In a different context, linear amines have been used as curing agents for obtaining flexible epoxy adhesive systems …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing flexibility in urea–formaldehyde resins: Copolymerization with polyetheramines

Antunes¹,

Rêgo

Paiva³

et al. 2018

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Adhesives obtained by copolymerizing urea, formaldehyde, and difunctional polyetheramine with different molecular weights (230, 600, 900, and 2000 g mol−1) are presented as a more resilient alternative to conventional urea–formaldehyde resins. Urea and polyetheramine contents were varied and the resulting resins characterized by FTIR, 13C‐NMR, and TGA. These resins were used for production of agglomerated cork panels, an application that demands that the binder system is flexible. Polyetheramine with molecular weight 900 g mol−1 yielded the most promising agglomerated cork panel, with remarkable flexibility, good tensile strength, and with the E1 formaldehyde content specification for wood‐based panels used in construction, according to European Standard EN 12460‐5. These new thermoset adhesives have demonstrated to be capable of being used in systems where conventional formaldehyde‐based resins do not perform well due to inherent high rigidity. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1834–1843

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Properties of epoxy polymers cured with polyoxypropylene diamine

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Bulk Energy Transferability Linked to Critical N–H Modes of an Interfacial Nanoscale Surface Modification via Unique Isophorone Diisocyanate Amine Exchange Reaction

Bulk Energy Transferability Linked to Critical N–H Modes of an Interfacial Nanoscale Surface Modification via Unique Isophorone Diisocyanate Amine Exchange Reaction

Introducing flexibility in urea–formaldehyde resins: Copolymerization with polyetheramines

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