Properties of fused polysulphides—II. The density, surface tension and viscosity of fused sodium polysulphides

Cleaver, B.; Davies, Andrew

doi:10.1016/0013-4686(73)80063-5

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Its quantity, about 8 to 9 grams, was determined on the basis of the volume of the conductance cell and the density data of sodium polysulfide melts. 22 Similarly, the 9 mm o.d. tube on the top of the glass cell was connected to the vacuum line and sealed under 0.3 atm vacuum using the Niccrome beating coil.…”

Section: Preparation Of Sodium Polysulfidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…If the electrolyte is a dilute solution with an excess supporting electrolyte and only one depleting component is present in the overall electrode reaction, the diffusion impedance (also called the Warburg impedance) can be obtained using equation (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). Zw = 1JJi =cr(l-j)/Yro , where As shown in this equation, the higher the frequency is, the smaller the Warburg impedance is.…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance 34 • 35mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The electrical conductivity of sodium polysulfide melts

Wang

1992

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Section: Preparation Of Sodium Polysulfidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Electrochemical Impedance 34 • 35mentioning

confidence: 99%

The electrical conductivity of sodium polysulfide melts

Wang

1992

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“…[3] The transference number a of Sx 2-species for A' taken as the frame of reference was calculated from Eq. [1] and [5] or [5'] based on the measured OCV values. The calculated results are given in Fig.…”

Section: Constant Current Electrolysis Between a And B'--mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently Liang (3), Liang et al (4), Pack et al (5), and Jow and Wagner (6) studied the effect of A1203 dispersion in LiI (3-5) and CuC1 (6), respectively. These authors reported ionic conductivity enhancements by as much as 2 orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The behavior of molten sodium polysulfide, Na2Sx, in a charge-discharge reaction affects the performance of this type of battery, and much effort has been devoted to clarify the properties of the compound, the phase diagram of Na2S~ (1,2), and properties such as electrical conductivity (3), density (4), and sulfur activities (5). However, there seem to be few experimental studies on the behavior of molten sodium polysulfides as battery electrode.…”

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Behavior of S x 2 − Species in Molten Sodium Polysulfide

Yoshida

Nakajima

1981

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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An electrolytic cell having four electrodes, each separated by a/~-alum/na plate or a porous ceramic separator and impregnated with molten sodium polysu~de was constructed. The electrolysis was carried out between two of these two sets of electrodes, and the composition change of the melt in the test electrode was observed from the OCV change during the electrolysis. The results of this study strongly suggested that S22-ions migrated preferentially as a carrier on the electrolysis and that they would exist in the equilibrium with $42-or $52-ions even in a melt with the composition of Na~$4.66. The $42-or $52-ions also seem to contribute to the charge transport as the depletion of $22-ions in the melt, whereas Na + is considered not to take part in the charge transport. These phenomena characterize the determination of the distribution of sodium polysulfide in the porous current collector of the sodium sulfur battery.Since sodium sulfur batteries are expected to have a high energy density of more than 150 W-hr/kg, a considerable number of research and development programs are exploring their applications for load leveling and transportation power source. The behavior of molten sodium polysulfide, Na2Sx, in a charge-discharge reaction affects the performance of this type of battery, and much effort has been devoted to clarify the properties of the compound, the phase diagram of Na2S~ (1,2), and properties such as electrical conductivity (3), density (4), and sulfur activities (5). However, there seem to be few experimental studies on the behavior of molten sodium polysulfides as battery electrode.The composition of molten sodium polysulfide is known to change (Na2S5 --> Na2S4 ~ Na2S3) progressively during the discharge process. The termination of the reaction is ascribed to the formation of solid sodium polysulfide in the electrode.The reaction distribution in a porous current collector of a sodium sulfur battery has been estimated (6-9) by applying a network model. However, the reaction distribution would not necessarily correspond with the resultant distribution of the composition, when Sx 2-ions formed during the reaction migrate through the current collector. Since the sulfur utilization would be determined by the resultant distribution of the composition, the effect of migration of Sx 2-species seems essential.Cleaver and Davies (5) derived the Washburn number instead of the transference number to observe the activity of sulfur in molten sodium polysulfide. This number only defines the number of moles of sulfur per unit charge passing through a reference frame in the melt, where the frame is chosen so that sodium ion does not pass through it. However, the mutual migrations of Na + and Sx 2-species should be considered for a better understanding of the resultant distribution of the composition in the porous current collector.

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Sulfides, Polysulfides, and Sulfanes

Lange¹,

Triebel²

2000

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

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The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Physical and Chemical Properties of Compounds of the System Na 2 S ‐ S 2.1. Physical Properties 2.2. Chemical Properties 3. Production of Compounds of the System Na 2 S ‐ S 3.1. Sodium Tetrasulfide 3.2. Sodium Disulfide 3.3. Sodium Monosulfide 4. Sodium Hydrogensulfide 4.1. Properties 4.2. Production 5. Sulfanes 5.1. Properties 5.2. Production 6. Uses of Sulfides and Sulfanes 7. Safety and Environmental Aspects 8. Economic Aspects 9. Transportation

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Properties of fused polysulphides—II. The density, surface tension and viscosity of fused sodium polysulphides

Cited by 29 publications

References 5 publications

The electrical conductivity of sodium polysulfide melts

The electrical conductivity of sodium polysulfide melts

Behavior of S x 2 − Species in Molten Sodium Polysulfide

Sulfides, Polysulfides, and Sulfanes

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