Properties of inverted polymer solar cells based on novel small molecular electrolytes as the cathode buffer layer

Kim, Youn Hwan; Sylvianti, Nadhila; Marsya, Mutia Anissa; Moon, Doo Kyung; Kim, Joo Hyun

doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2016.09.035

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The formation of interface dipole greatly increased the device V oc from 0.30 to 0.55 V, resulting in improved efficiency of 4.17%. Kim and co‐workers reported a quaternary ammonium bromide with multiple hydroxyl groups (C6, Scheme ) for use in inverted PTB7:PC 71 BM devices . The authors believed that the polar hydroxyl groups increased the magnitude of interface dipole generated by quaternary ammonium salt.…”

Section: Small Molecule Cathode Interlayermentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Zhang

Usman

2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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This review provides an up‐to‐date review about the small molecule interlayers (SMIs) in organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared to polymer interlayers, SMIs exhibit intrinsic advantages such as easy synthesis and purification, monodispersity, well‐defined chemical structure, and high batch‐to‐batch reproducibility. Recently, various SMIs have been reported with landmark efficiencies of over 10% in both conventional and inverted OSCs, exhibiting promising potential in commercial application. In this review, the authors summarize the progress of SMIs from a device fabrication point of view, paying particular attention to the material categories, molecular design, preparation process, and applicable device structure. In addition, the working mechanisms of different SMIs are also discussed, including the structure–property relationships and the corresponding impact on device performance. Finally, a brief outlook is provided that includes opportunities and challenges in this emerging area.

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Section: Small Molecule Cathode Interlayermentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells

Zhang

Usman

2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…The formation of the interface dipoles leaves a significant influence on the device performance which has been explained through various studies carried out on wide variety of organic materials (Collins et al, 1994; Kaspar et al, 1994; Schmidt et al, 1995a,b; Van Slyke et al, 1996; Katz, 1997; Hiller et al, 1998; Lee et al, 1998, 1999; Chen et al, 2013; Liu C. et al, 2015; Kim et al, 2016a,b; Liu et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2016; Yang et al, 2017; Yu et al, 2017). It has been reported in these studies that interface dipoles strongly influence the process of charge carrier injection/extraction across the electrode interfaces, which in certain cases can lead to the generation of the S-kink in the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cells.…”

Section: Addressing the Challenge Of Energy Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been reported in these studies that interface dipoles strongly influence the process of charge carrier injection/extraction across the electrode interfaces, which in certain cases can lead to the generation of the S-kink in the current-voltage characteristics of the solar cells. On the other hand, the formation of the favorable interface dipoles may improve the charge extraction efficiency by minimization of the interfacial energy barriers, therefore increasing the built in potential, and suppressing charge carrier recombination at the interfaces (Chen et al, 2013; Liu C. et al, 2015; Kim et al, 2016a,b; Liu et al, 2016; Zhang et al, 2016; Yang et al, 2017; Yu et al, 2017). Furthermore, the formation of such surface dipoles is also important in organic heterojunctions, which play important role in photovoltage formation and exciton dissociation occurring at this heterojunction interface (Schmidt et al, 1995a,b; Katz, 1997; Hiller et al, 1998).…”

Section: Addressing the Challenge Of Energy Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Solar Cells—Interfacial Processes Related to Performance Issues

2019

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Harnessing solar energy with solar cells based on organic materials (in particular polymeric solar cells) is an attractive alternative to silicon-based solar cells due to the advantages of lower weight, flexibility, lower manufacturing costs, easier integration with other products, low environmental impact during manufacturing and operations and short energy payback times. However, even with the latest efficiencies reported up to 17%, the reproducibility of these efficiencies is not up to par, with a significant variation in the efficiencies reported across the literature. Since these devices are based on ultrathin multilayer organic films, interfaces play a major role in their operation and performance. This review gives a concise account of the major interfacial issues that are responsible for influencing the device performance, with emphasis on their physical mechanisms. After an introduction to the basic principles of polymeric solar cells, it briefly discusses charge generation and recombination occurring at the donor-acceptor bulk heterojunction interface. It then discusses interfacial morphology for the active layer and how it affects the performance and stability of these devices. Next, the formation of injection and extraction barriers and their role in the device performance is discussed. Finally, it addresses the most common approaches to change these barriers for improving the solar cell efficiency, including the use of interface dipoles. These issues are interrelated to each other and give a clear and concise understanding of the problem of the underperformance due to interfacial phenomena occurring within the device. This review not only discusses some of the implemented approaches that have been adopted in order to address these problems, but also highlights interfacial issues that are yet to be fully understood in organic solar cells.

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“…Thus, there have been outstanding improvements, with the power conversion efficiency (PCE) reaching up to 13%. These achievements can be accomplished via the synthesis of efficient conjugated polymers/oligomers or through device engineering …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%