Properties of modified electrolyte for zinc-bromine cells

Cedzyńska, Krystyna

doi:10.1016/0013-4686(94)00372-8

Cited by 68 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In that system, polymeric salts 19 and quaternary ammonium compounds 20 were utilized to complex the bromine and dramatically decrease the bromine vapor pressure.…”

Section: Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Hydrogen/Bromine Redox Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Energy Storage

Cho

Ridgway

Weber

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

187

183

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The electrochemical behavior of a promising hydrogen/bromine redox flow battery is investigated for grid-scale energy-storage application with some of the best redox-flow-battery performance results to date, including a peak power of 1.4 W/cm 2 and a 91% voltaic efficiency at 0.4 W/cm 2 constant-power operation. The kinetics of bromine on various materials is discussed, with both rotating-disk-electrode and cell studies demonstrating that a carbon porous electrode for the bromine reaction can conduct platinumcomparable performance as long as sufficient surface area is realized. The effect of flow-cell designs and operating temperature is examined, and ohmic and mass-transfer losses are decreased by utilizing a flow-through electrode design and increasing cell temperature. Charge/discharge and discharge-rate tests also reveal that this system has highly reversible behavior and good rate capability. The environmental concerns and limited resources of fossil fuels have stimulated research for renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy. Globally, there is 94 GW of electricity-generating wind power as of 2007, and it is estimated to reach 474 GW by 2020. 1The electricity from solar photovoltaics is growing at 40% per year worldwide, and the United States has targeted 100 GW of solar power by 2020.1 However, the electricity from these and other renewable resources is not constant and reliable due to their sensitive response to local weather conditions. To level out the variable generation of energy, large-scale electrical-energy storage (EES) is required. For the energy storage and load leveling, redox-flow batteries (RFB) have been considered as promising candidates due to their independently controllable power and energy, rapid response time, and high energy efficiency. Extensive research has been performed on RFB systems, including iron-chromium, all-vanadium, sodium-polysulfide, etc. 2-5However, due to the challenging issues such as low cell performance, power density, durability, and high electrolyte cost, their wide-spread adoption has not been realized. For example, the all-vanadium system, which is considered one of the closest to commercialization, utilizes a relatively expensive reactant and achieves power densities that are on the order of 0.2 to 0.7 W/cm 2 with relatively low efficiency. A hydrogen/bromine system is proposed as the reactants are earth-abundant and inexpensive and, as will be shown, high performance with high efficiency is obtainable.Yeo and Chin first investigated the hydrogen/bromine flow battery and reported excellent electric-to-electric efficiency, introducing it as a promising RFB system for energy-storage applications.6 The operating principle of the H 2 /Br 2 RFB can be described with a typical cell structure as in Figure 1. During discharge, a solution of Br 2 in HBr (aq) is fed into the cathode compartment where bromine reacts with protons supplied from the anode side and is reduced to bromide, generating the theoretical electric potential of 1.098 V at 25• C. The redu...

show abstract

“…In that system, polymeric salts 19 and quaternary ammonium compounds 20 were utilized to complex the bromine and dramatically decrease the bromine vapor pressure.…”

Section: Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Performance Hydrogen/Bromine Redox Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Energy Storage

Cho

Ridgway

Weber

et al. 2012

J. Electrochem. Soc.

187

183

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A number of other redox chemistries were reported, including V 2þ / V 3þ vs. Br À /ClBr 2 [3e5], Br 2 /Br À vs. S/S 2À [6,7], Br À /Br 2 vs. Zn 2þ /Zn [8,9], Ce 4þ /Ce 3þ vs. V 2þ /V 3þ [10], Fe 3þ /Fe 2þ vs. Br 2 /Br À [11], Mn 2þ / Mn 3þ vs. V 2þ /V 3þ [12], Fe 3þ /Fe 2þ vs. Ti 2þ /Ti 4þ [13], and others [14]. Among them, GEN 2Fe/Cr RFB [15] and all vanadium flow batteries (VRBs) [16e19] are probably the most researched and promising systems; both were invented and developed in the 1980s in efforts to alleviate the severe cross-contamination encountered in the original Fe/Cr system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new hybrid redox flow battery with multiple redox couples

Wang

Li²,

Nie

et al. 2012

Journal of Power Sources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[3,4] Up to now, many types of RFBs have been developed, including iron/ chromium (Fe/Cr) flow batteries, [5,6] bromine/polysulfide flow batteries (PSB), [7,8] vanadiumf low batteries (VFB), [9,10] and zinc-bromine flow batteries (ZBFB). [11][12][13][14] Among them, the zinc-bromine system has attracted much interest because of its relatively low materials cost, high energy density,a nd high cell voltage. [15] In at ypicalZ BFB,t he basic electrochemical reactionsc an be summarized as follows [Eqs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Zinc–Bromine Flow Battery with Improved Design of Cell Structure and Electrodes

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2018

Energy Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The zinc–bromine flow battery (ZBFB) is regarded as one of the most promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage owing to its high energy density and low cost. However, because of the large internal resistance and poor electrocatalytic activity of graphite‐ or carbon‐felt electrodes, conventional ZBFBs usually can only be operated at a relatively low current density, which limits their widespread application. Herein, we propose an asymmetrical cell by replacing the conventional thick felt electrode with a thin and electrocatalytically active carbon‐paper (CP) electrode interfacing with a flow‐field structure. With the enhanced electrocatalytic activity of CP for the Br2/Br− redox reaction and the reduced internal resistance of the thinner electrode, the ZBFB with this newly proposed structure exhibits an energy efficiency of up to 83.5 % at a current density of 40 mA cm−2, much higher than that with a graphite‐felt electrode of only 73.0 %. Remarkably, the battery can even be operated at a high current density up to 100 mA cm−2 while maintaining an energy efficiency of more than 70 %, demonstrating an excellent rate capability.

show abstract

Properties of modified electrolyte for zinc-bromine cells

Cited by 68 publications

References 5 publications

High Performance Hydrogen/Bromine Redox Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Energy Storage

High Performance Hydrogen/Bromine Redox Flow Battery for Grid-Scale Energy Storage

A new hybrid redox flow battery with multiple redox couples

A Zinc–Bromine Flow Battery with Improved Design of Cell Structure and Electrodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About