Properties of Mould Fluxes and Slag Films

Mills, Kenneth C.; Däcker, Carl-Åke

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-53616-3_9

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…The obtained results are generally consistent with the trends reported in literature [8,9]. At the same time, it is interesting to mention that, as seen from Figure 5, surface tension of the slag slightly grows with the increasing of FeO content (data were calculated using the spreadsheet available from [13], representing modified partial molar method developed by Mills [16]). Such discrepancy might be explained by better wetting of the solid iron surface (due to chemical interaction of FeO and iron) at higher FeO content, which offsets the slight increase of surface tension.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Our slags with 62% FeO content may follow the behavior of the FeO-CaO binary system. Grouping of the slags by the crystallization fields in the ternary phase diagram (also demonstrated in Figure 6) shows that the Surface tension calculated using method of Mills [13] versus FeO content in slag. 1 are grouped here according to crystallization fields as follows: 1, 2 and 3-wollastonite; 4 and 5-eutectic valley between olivine and wollastonite; 7 and 8-olivine; 6 and 9-Wüstite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Wetting of Solid Iron by Molten FeO-Containing Slag

Shatokha¹,

Korobeynikov²

2023

New Advances in Powder Technology

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The study aims to contribute the approaches for optimizing the parameters of the cohesive zone in blast furnace, as well as for enhancing the efficiency of novel alternative ironmaking processes. Wetting conditions between primary slag and iron sponge determine carbonization of the latter, thus affecting the position in the blast furnace of the region where slag and metal separate into independent liquid phases. Wetting of solid iron by molten FeO-containing slags representing the primary blast furnace slag was studied experimentally using a sessile drop method. Effects of the FeO content and slag basicity on the contact angle of slag on the iron substrate have been revealed. The opportunities of controlling the wetting conditions between primary slag and solid iron by optimizing the basicity of iron ore materials are discussed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wetting of Solid Iron by Molten FeO-Containing Slag

Shatokha¹,

Korobeynikov²

2023

New Advances in Powder Technology

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“…The viscosity of the slag is greatly affected by its structure, especially the degree of polymerisation. Mills [33] presented that the degree of the polymerisation of the slag can be characterised by the parameter, NBO/T, which is defined as following: NBO/T = number of non-bridging O/tetragonally bonded oxygen. The high value of NBO/T means the low degree of polymerisation.…”

Section: Viscosity Of Slagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between structure and viscosity of CaO–SiO₂–MgO–30.00 wt-%Al₂O₃ slag by molecular dynamics simulation with FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy

Liu

et al. 2017

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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Structure of CaO-SiO 2 -MgO-30.00 wt-%Al 2 O 3 slag was investigated using molecular dynamics simulation at 1873 K, and viscosities with different basicities were measured for quantitatively studying the relationship between structure and viscosity. With the increase of basicity, the threedimensional networks formed by Si and Al are depolymerised, which is consistent with the analysis using FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, FT-IR analysis shows a dampening of [Al-O-Si] trough, indicating a decrease in the linkage between [SiO 4 ] and [AlO 4 ]. Increasing the basicity results in that the BO decreases rapidly, while NBO increases from 32.75% up to 50.23%, which leads to the decrease of viscosity. Variations of CN Al-O and Al-O-Al indicate that Al 2 O 3 prefers to form complicated unit, and Al 2 O 3 within this slag should act as a network former. Calculated activation energies of samples A11-A14 are 212, 186, 168 and 161 kJ mol −1 , respectively. Variation of viscosity linearly depends on Q 4 , and a strong linear relationship could also be found between viscosity and NBO/T. However, the variation of activation energy mainly depends on Q 4 (Si) comparing with Q 4 (Al), Q 4 (Si + Al) or NBO/T.

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“…Up to now, there have been many experiments to measure, and models to estimate, slag viscosities. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Most models are based on the Arrhenius equation, Weymann-Frenkel equation, Eyring equation, Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman equation and empirical relation equation etc. [10] These equations have constants depending on the slag's structure activation energy for viscous flow and temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Derivation of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3system slag viscosity equation by GP

Ri¹,

Ra²,

Ryom³

2021

J min metall B Metall

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Slag viscosity is essential in high-temperature metallurgical processes. However, a slag viscosity model is difficult to exactly interpret as it has a strong nonlinear relation with its composition and temperature. In this paper, genetic programming (GP) was employed to derive a CaO-SiO2-Al2O3slag viscosity equation. The equation was automatically described as a simple algebraic equation with the basicity and content of Al2O3and temperature. The average relative error between the values obtained by the equation and the experimental data used for its derivation was as low as 17.1%. Computer simulations were performed to evaluate the accuracy of the derived viscosity equation and were then compared with many experimental viscosities and calculated values of other researchers. Slag compositions and temperatures for simulation calculations were the experimental data which were not used for deriving aviscosity equation. Our results showed that the viscosity equation was relatively exact. The viscosities of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3system slag could be simply and expediently predicted with in the wide range of compositions and temperatures by using the derived viscosity equation.

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Properties of Mould Fluxes and Slag Films

Cited by 5 publications

References 146 publications

Wetting of Solid Iron by Molten FeO-Containing Slag

Wetting of Solid Iron by Molten FeO-Containing Slag

Relationship between structure and viscosity of CaO–SiO₂–MgO–30.00 wt-%Al₂O₃ slag by molecular dynamics simulation with FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy

Derivation of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3system slag viscosity equation by GP

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Properties of Mould Fluxes and Slag Films

Cited by 5 publications

References 146 publications

Wetting of Solid Iron by Molten FeO-Containing Slag

Wetting of Solid Iron by Molten FeO-Containing Slag

Relationship between structure and viscosity of CaO–SiO2–MgO–30.00 wt-%Al2O3 slag by molecular dynamics simulation with FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy

Derivation of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3system slag viscosity equation by GP

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Relationship between structure and viscosity of CaO–SiO₂–MgO–30.00 wt-%Al₂O₃ slag by molecular dynamics simulation with FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy