Properties of Paper Sludge Filled Polypropylene (PP)/Ethylene Propylene Diene Terpolymer (EPDM) Composites: The Effect of Silane-Based Coupling Agent

Abstract

Paper sludge was used as a filler in PP=EPDM composites and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (3-APE) was used in this study as a coupling agent. The effects of filler loading and 3-APE on the mechanical properties, water absorption, morphology, and thermal properties of the composites were investigated. It was found that incorporation of a silane coupling agent (3-APE) increased the stabilization (equilibrium) torque, tensile strength, and Young's modulus but decreased the elongation at break and water absorption. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study of the tensile fracture surface of the composites indicated that the presence of 3-APE increased the interfacial interaction between paper sludge and PP=EPDM EPDM matrix. The addition of a silane coupling agent also increased the crystallinity of PP and thermal stability of PP=EPDM=PS composites.

Development of Biocomposites from Cocoa Pod Husk and Polypropylene: Effect of Filler Content and 3-Aminopropyltriethoxylsilane

“…The torque gradually decreased and achieved stabilization torque once the PP/CPH biocomposites was homogenously mixed. A similar torque development trend was also observed by other researchers [17,[25][26][27]. The stabilization torque of untreated and treatment PP/CPH biocomposites is shown in Figure 2.…”

“…It resulting a stronger interfacial bonding and improve the properties of biocomposites. Some authors claim that silane coupling agent has effectively enhance the mechanical properties and thermal properties of thermoplastic biocomposites [17][18][19][20], while the similar effect was found in our previous studies in coconut shell powder filled polylactic acid [12] and chitosan filled PP [21] or recycled polyethylene [22] biocomposites.…”

Compatibilizers Effect on Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber with Polypropylene and Sugarcane Bagasse Composite for Mechanical Properties

“…This could be accounted to poor interaction between the PP/Recycle NBR matrices and SCB filler. The reduced tensile values in the composites might be attributed to poor adhesion between the SCB filler and the PP/Recycle NBR matrices [19], hence justifying the poor stress transfer across the plane. Sugarcane bagasse contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other components that may not readily bond with propylene lead to poor adhesion.…”

A Comprehensive Review on Process and Technological Aspects of Wood-Plastic Composites

“…The addition of Trialkoxysilanes to the matrix can improve the interfacial adhesion between WF and thermoplastics polymer matrix and enhance the resulting WPCs' exterior mechanical performance (Xie et al 2010). The incorporation of Trialkoxysilanes increases the crystallinity of the composites (Salmah et al 2007). Metin et al (2004) used 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (AMPTES), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES), and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysaline (MPTMS) at four different concentrations (0.5 -2 wt%) in PP based WPCs.…”