Properties of RNA polymerase activity associated with infectious bursal disease virus and characterization of its reaction products

Spies, U.; Müller, Hermann; Becht, H.

doi:10.1016/0168-1702(87)90024-4

Cited by 158 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The large segment encodes a polyprotein that is processed into 3 structural proteins, VP2, VP3, and VP4. 2,10,19 The large segment also encodes the structural protein VP5 in another reading frame. 15 Of these different genes, VP2 gene encodes for the major antigenic protein and its hypervariable region is what confers variability among different IBDV strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease virus from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue by Immunohistochemistry and Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

2007

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Abstract. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues blocks are used routinely to diagnose the economically important immunosuppressive infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in chickens. Immunohistochemical detection of viruses in tissue blocks has been done with varying results between laboratories. Extraction of IBDV RNA from tissue blocks allows IBDV strain identification at a molecular level. This allows correlation between virus identity and histological lesions present in the tissue. Experimentally reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detectable IBDV RNA could always be extracted from tissue blocks with acute +3 or higher histological lesion scores. However, many blocks from diagnostic field cases did not yield detectable IBDV RNA, in spite of having severe IBDV histological lesion scores. The reason for this can be the effect different formalin fixation conditions have on RNA detection from tissue blocks. To study the effect of various fixation parameters on RNA extraction and immunohistochemical detection of IBDV, bursas with maximum histological lesion score of 4 for IBDV were fixed in formalin under various conditions (different pH levels, temperatures, concentrations of formalin, and fixation duration). Only tissues fixed in formalin with a pH of 7.0, concentration of 5 or 10% formaldehyde, storage temperature of 25uC or less, and kept for up to 2 weeks in formalin yielded detectable IBDV RNA upon extraction. No RNA could be detected from tissues fixed under extreme temperature, pH, or formalin concentrations. Optimal fixation conditions for IHC detection of IBDV were 10% formalin concentration, pH 7.0, and temperature of 4uC, where maximum intensity of immunostaining was observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease virus from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue by Immunohistochemistry and Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

2007

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“…Open reading frame A-2 encodes VP5, a non-structural protein involved in virion release from infected cells (Wu et al, 2009). Genomic segment B (2.9 kb) encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase VP1 (Spies et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of South American infectious bursal disease virus reveals the existence of a distinct worldwide-spread genetic lineage

et al. 2015

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Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is one of the most concerning health problems for world poultry production. IBDVs comprise four well-defined evolutionary lineages known as classic (c), classic attenuated (ca), variant (va) and very virulent (vv) strains. Here, we characterized IBDVs from South America by the genetic analysis of both segments of the viral genome. Viruses belonging to c, ca and vv strains were unambiguously classified by the presence of molecular markers and phylogenetic analysis of the hypervariable region of the vp2 gene. Notably, the majority of the characterized viruses (9 out of 15) could not be accurately assigned to any of the previously described strains and were then denoted as distinct (d) IBDVs. These dIBDVs constitute an independent evolutionary lineage that also comprises field IBDVs from America, Europe and Asia. The hypervariable VP2 sequence of dIBDVs has a unique and conserved molecular signature (272T, 289P, 290I and 296F) that is a diagnostic character for classification. A discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) also identified the dIBDVs as a cluster of genetically related viruses separated from the typical strains. DAPC and genetic distance estimation indicated that the dIBDVs are one of the most genetically divergent IBDV lineages. The vp1 gene of the dIBDVs has non-vvIBDV markers and unique nucleotide and amino acid features that support their divergence in both genomic segments. The present study suggests that the dIBDVs comprise a neglected, highly divergent lineage that has been circulating in world poultry production since the early time of IBDV emergence.

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“…Genome segment B (2.9 kb) encodes a 90-kDa protein, VP1 [1], which is a dsRNA polymerase [18,25], and the larger segment, A (3.2 kb), encodes viral proteins VP2, VP3 and VP4 [1], which are produced by autoproteolysis of a 106-kDa precursor polyprotein [2,11,14], and a nonstructural protein, VP5, in another open reading frame [19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of VP2 Hypervariable Domain of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Detected in Japan from 1993 to 2004

Yamaguchi

Kasanga

Terasaki

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Bursae of Fabricius were collected from 20 chickens diagnosed with infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection from 15 prefectures in 1993 to 2004. Here we report the nucleotide sequence analysis of VP2 hypervariable domain of IBDV genome detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from these samples. Ten sequences derived from 10 prefectures in 1996 to 2003 were of the classical type and other 10 sequences derived from 6 prefectures in 1993 to 2004 were of the highly virulent type. Of the classical type sequences, 9 sequences were closely related to the sequence of classical attenuated vaccines used in Japan. Furthermore, two were identical to the sequence of B-Chi5 which represents Vaccine B passaged 5 times in chickens and was reported to be reverted the virulence during the passages. The 10 highly virulent type sequences were classified into four sequences, none of which had been previously detected in Japan. However, the deduced amino acid sequences were identical to each other and to the sequences of highly virulent IBDVs previously detected in Japan. The most common nucleotide sequences, which accounted for 6 of the sequences, were identical to 34 highly virulent type sequences detected in various countries in BLAST search. This is the first report of detection of the sequence in Japan which is identical to highly virulent strains detected in other countries. These findings show the prevalence of classical IBDVs closely related to the attenuated vaccines and highly virulent IBDVs derived from other countries throughout Japan since 1993.

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Properties of RNA polymerase activity associated with infectious bursal disease virus and characterization of its reaction products

Cited by 158 publications

References 21 publications

Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease virus from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue by Immunohistochemistry and Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease virus from Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue by Immunohistochemistry and Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction

Genetic characterization of South American infectious bursal disease virus reveals the existence of a distinct worldwide-spread genetic lineage

Nucleotide Sequence Analysis of VP2 Hypervariable Domain of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Detected in Japan from 1993 to 2004

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