Properties of Superelastic Nickel–Titanium Wires after Clinical Use

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to describe and determine changes in the superelastic properties of NiTi archwires after clinical use and sterilization. Ten archwires from five different manufacturers (GAC, 3M, ODS, GC, FOR) were cut into two segments and evaluated using a three-point bending test in accordance with ISO 14841:2006. The center of each segment was deflected to 3.1 mm and then unloaded to 0 N to obtain a load–deflection curve. Deflection at the end of the plateau and forces at 3, 2, 1 and 0.5 mm on the unloading curve were recorded. Plateau slopes were calculated at 2, 1 and 0.5 mm of deflection. Data obtained were statistically analyzed to determine differences (p < 0.001). Results showed that the degree of superelasticity and exerted forces differed significantly among brand groups. After three months of clinical use, FOR released a greater force for a longer activation period. GC, EURO and FOR archwires seemed to lose their mechanical properties. GC wires released more force than other brand wires after clinical use. Regarding superelasticity after sterilization, GAC, 3M and FOR wires recovered their properties, while EURO archwires lost more.

Multi-Force Bio-Active™ Archwires and Various Contemporary NiTi Multi-Force Archwires: Properties and Characteristics—A Review

“…In 2023, Alcaraz et al [ 76 ] studied five different NiTi archwires from five different manufacturers (GAC, 3M, ODS, GC, and FOR) using a three-point bending test with the aim of describing and statistically determining the changes to their superelastic properties following clinical use and sterilization. The study found that, following three months of clinical use, FOR exhibited a longer activation period and a larger release of force.…”